一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答(4)

一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答

4.虚拟语气在 as if(as though)中，引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用．

如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时．例如：

He looked as if he were an artist.

He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England． Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem．

5.虚拟语气用于主语从句．

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：

It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that we should clean the room every day.

It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless． It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc) that she should finish her homework this afternoon．

在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．

注意：这种从句表示的是事实．如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述语气，例如：

It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can’t swim．

八.几种常见的其他虚拟语气结构

1.虚拟语气用于定语从句

这种从句常用在 It is( high) time( that) 句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或 should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用 were)来表示，意为“(现在)该 ”。例如：

It is ( high) time we left (should leave).

lt is high time we were going.

2.虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中,用法同.wish

If only I had taken his advice.

我要是听他的话就好了．

If only I were a bird．我如果是一只鸟就好了．

3.虚拟语气在简单句中的应用

l)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：

It would be better for you not to stay up too late．

Would you be kind enough to open the door?

2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：

Would you like a cup of tea?

I would rather not tell you. You had better go now．

3)用“ may 十动词原形”表示“祝愿”、“但愿”． may须置于句首，例如：May you be happy! May you succeed!

4.would rather-----