2010_毕业论文撰写要求(3)

more authors who have the same surname, you must put in parentheses the authors initials in all text citations.

If two or more works written by the same author are cited in the same parentheses, you are required to give the surname once, then the years of publication from the past to the present (See Citation 6). If two or more works written by different authors are cited in the same parentheses, you need to arrange the citations in alphabetical order by the first author s surname (See Citation 7).

Citation 6

Empirical studies on student learning carried out since the 70 s have found that students learning outcomes to a great extent depend on their choice of learning approaches (Biggs, 1979, 1987)

Citation 7

One major finding from the earlier studies (Barley, 1969, 1970; Clement et al., 1978; Gardner & Lambert, 1972; Gliksman, 1976; Spolsky, 1969) was that learners with an integrative motivation tended to obtain better achievement than those with an instrumental motivation.

2.6 Quotations

Quotations are used only when they are more powerful and more effective than restating the material in your own words. For a quotation, such information as the author, date and page number should all be specified with accuracy. When a quotation contains fewer than 40 words (or fewer than three lines), you do not need to put it as a separate paragraph (See Quotation 1). When it has 40 words or more (more than three lines), it should be a block quotation (See Quotation 2). The block quotation begins as a separate paragraph where each line is indented five spaces from the left margin and each subsequent line is flush with the paragraph indent. The block quotation does not need any quotation marks.

Quotation 1:

Conceptually, Gardner (1985) sees motivation as “the combination of effort plus desire to achieve the goal of learning the language plus favorable attitudes toward learning the language” (p.10).

Quotation 2

Rubin (1987) more explicitly states the importance of studying students beliefs in her review of the research on learner strategies:

…to better understand how learner strategies come to be used, it is essential that we account for a learner s knowledge about language and his/her beliefs about the language learning process because his knowledge can form the basis for selecting and activating one strategy over another (p. 19)

2.7 Tables and Figures(Optional)