2.9《Unit 4 Grammar and writing》

Grammar & Writing

Look at the dialogueand find the use of the past participle.

-- Look at the excited boy! Why is he so happy? -- He has got the first prize in the contest. -- No wonder he is excited!

He is a retired worker. 他是一个退休工人。 This is a newly-developed device. 这是一个新开发的工具。 2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功能当 于一个定语从句。

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Past Participle as the Attributive . Example: So many thousands of terrified people died. (In the text) Now find two more examples in the reading passage.

1. But he became inspired when he

thought about helping ordinarypeople exposed to cholera.

2. With this evidence John Snow wasable to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease

过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定

语，前后常有逗号。Some of them, born and brought up in

rural villages, had never seen a train.他们当中有一些人, 生长在农村，从未见过

火车。

用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移 形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接 修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直 接有关。 The general stared at him in startled admiration.

将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。

Attentio

n eg. We asked two of China’s manytalented journalists to tell us more about new. I want to write about people

addicted to drugs.

When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do

you put?

过去分词短语用作定语时，一般 皆至置于其所修饰的名词之后， 其意义相当于一个定语从句，但 较从句简洁，多用于笔语中。

There were twenty or thirty monkeyshuddled along the branches as still as

statues. 有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上, 静如雕像。

Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.

卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气是装载车顶上的袋中。

Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past

participle.

-- I hear you and James are engaged at last. -- Yes, we are. -- When are you getting married? -- In the spring. -- Oh, lovely. Where’s the wedding going to be?

Past Participle as the PredicativeExample:But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. Now find two more examples in the reading passage.

He got interested in two theoriesexplaining how cholera killed people. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

Practice 1: Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning. Past Participle as Past Participle as an attribute the pr

edicative1.terrified people 1.people who are terrified 2.reserved seats 2.seats which are reserved 3.polluted water 3.water that is polluted 4.acrowded room 4.a room that is crowded 5.a pleased 5.a winner who is pleased winner

Past Participle as an attribute 6.astonished children 7.a broken vase 8.a closed door 9.the tired audience 10. a trapped animal

Past Participle as the predicative

6.children who look astonished 7.a vase that is broken 8.a door that is closed 9.the audience who feel tired 10.an animal that is trapped

Practice 2: Change the following into English using “make + n.” and past participles.