必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

Module 4 U3P3 Grammar

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

Revision -ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translation 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 3.Your coat needs brushing. 你的大衣需要刷一下。

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

一、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面， 既可以表被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰 者的动作或状态。可表达三种含义： a) 表示“供…之用”,相当于used for doing. building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

b) 表“正在…的”。如：those singing girls (=those girls who are singing)那些正在唱歌的 女孩子们 举例：the laughing audience/the rising sun a flaming argument /a howling storm the dancing girl / a flying kite c) 表示性质特征，多含主动意味。如：an exciting story(=a story that excites people) 举例：an interesting crosstalk an amusing story / an exciting evening an interesting story

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

二、-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面， 表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程 或一种状态。如： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night.

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

2)当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如： They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。 We mustn’t keep them waiting. = They mustn’t be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如 I won’t have you doing that. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. I can’t get the clock going again. You won’t catch me doing that again.

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

三、-ing形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某 种动作或行为，以

说明主语的身份、性质或情况。 如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

四. ing分词作状语 可以表示时间, 原因, 结果,条件, 行为方式或伴随动 作等。 1. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. 伴随 原因 2. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. 3.Heating water,we can change it into vapor. 条件 4. The boy sat in front of the farm-house, cutting the 伴随 branch. 5.Hearing the news, he got frightened. 时间 6.The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against 结果 the door.

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

Attention Please 1.-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主 语是一致的； 2.现在分词完成式having done 表示其动作在谓语动 词的动作之前已经完成； 3.ing形式前可有while, when, unless, though, if等连 词 Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是time , 而句子的主语是I , 两者不构成 主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补 充一个主语。)

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (北京2004) A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

应用现在分词作宾语补足语，要掌握好三个“区别” 注：应用现在分词作宾语补足语，要掌握好三个“区别”

1 现在分词主动式作宾补和不定式主动式作宾补 现在分词主动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动动 作，不定式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生 的动作。试比较： 1)I heard him playing the piano in the next room. 2)Now let me hear you play the piano a second time.

必修4 Unit3 Grammar 现在分词作定语和宾补

2 现在分词被动式作宾补和不定式被动式作宾补的 用法 现在分词被动式作宾补表 …… 此处隐藏：2013字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……