博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇

博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇

分类词汇

homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(＜＞ heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流 主流的

dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)

discrepancy 差异

misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding

barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade

discrimination 区别，歧视racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)

hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y

insularity 岛国性质 (? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)

nostalgia = homesickness

patriot 爱国者 (＜＞ traitor)à patriotic, patriotism

notoriety 恶名 (? notorious)

counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance

peer 同等的人 凝视，窥视(~ peep)

subordinate 下级 下级的＜＞ superior

tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

nuance a subtle difference in meaning

compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot

vernacular 本地的，本国的 本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India

Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)

antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”

permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship

practitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + er

celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP

proxy 代理人

anecdote 轶事 (à anecdotal)

benchmarking 类比分析

punctual 准时的，守时的 (à punctuality)

absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism

flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time

harass 骚扰 (à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her.

redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancy

downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)

ballot 投票 (= vote)

impartial 不偏不倚的 (＜＞ partial)

lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)

dubbing 配音录制