iOS人机交互规范(18)

iOS人机交互规范,为iPhone,iPad开发人员提供设计规范

DirectManipulation

●Withinreason,istheapplicationconsistentwithitsearlierversions?Havethetermsandmeaningsremained

thesame?Arethefundamentalconceptsessentiallyunchanged?

DirectManipulation

Whenpeopledirectlymanipulateonscreenobjectsinsteadofusingseparatecontrolstomanipulatethem,they'inggesturesgivespeopleagreateraffinityfor,andsenseofcontrolover,theobjectstheyseeonscreen,becausethey'reabletotouchthemwithoutusinganintermediary,suchasamouse.

Forexample,insteadoftappingzoomcontrols,peoplecanusethepinchgesturestodirectlyexpandorcontractanareaofcontent.Andinagame,playersmoveandinteractdirectlywithonscreenobjects.Forexample,agamemightdisplayacombinationlockthatuserscanspintoopen.

InaniOSapplication,peoplecanexperiencedirectmanipulationwhenthey:

●Rotateorotherwisemovethedevicetoaffectonscreenobjects

Usegesturestomanipulateonscreenobjects

Canseethattheiractionshaveimmediate,visibleresults ● ●

Feedback

Feedbackacknowledgespeople’sactionsandassuresthemthatprocessingisoccurring.Peopleexpect

immediatefeedbackwhentheyoperateacontrol,andtheyappreciatestatusupdatesduringlengthyoperations.Thebuilt-iniOSapplicationsrespondtoeveryuseractionwithsomeperceptiblechange.Forexample,listitemshighlightbrieflywhenpeopletapthem.Duringoperationsthatlastmorethanafewseconds,acontrolshowselapsingprogress,andifappropriate,theappdisplaysanexplanatorymessage.

Subtleanimationcangivepeoplemeaningfulfeedbackthathelpsclarifytheresultsoftheiractions.Forexample,listscananimatetheadditionofanewrowtohelppeopletrackthechangevisually.

Soundcanalsogivepeopleusefulfeedback.Butsoundshouldn’tbetheprimaryorsolefeedbackmechanismbecausepeoplemayusetheirdevicesinplaceswheretheycan’thearorwheretheymustturnoffthesound.