《MATLAB程序设计与应用》实验指导书
实验一 matlab集成环境使用与运算基础
1,先求下列表达式的值,然后显示matlab工作空间的使用情况并保存全部变量。 (1)z1 程序:
.>> z1=2*sin(85*pi/180)/(1+exp(2)) 结果: z1 =
0.2375
2其中x
0.45
1 2i
5
2sin851 e
2
(2
)z2 程序:
12
In(x
>> x=[2,1+2*i;-0.45,5]; >> z2=0.5*log(x+sqrt(1+x*x)) 结果: z2 =
0.7114 - 0.0253i 0.8968 + 0.3658i 0.2139 + 0.9343i 1.1541 - 0.0044i
(3)z3
e
0.3a
e2
0.3a
sin(a 0.3) In
0.3 a2
,a 3.0, 2.9, 2.8,...,2.8,2.9,3.0
提示:利用冒号表达式生成a向量,求各点函数值时用点乘运算。 程序:
>> a=-3.0:0.1:30;
>> z3=(exp(0.3*a)-exp(-0.3*a))/2.*sin((a+0.3)*pi/180)+log((0.3+a)/2) 结果: z3 =
1.0e+003 *
Columns 1 through 4
0.0003 + 0.0031i 0.0003 + 0.0031i 0.0003 + 0.0031i 0.0002 + 0.0031i
Columns 5 through 8
0.0002 + 0.0031i 0.0001 + 0.0031i 0.0001 + 0.0031i 0.0000 + 0.0031i
Columns 9 through 12
-0.0000 + 0.0031i -0.0001 + 0.0031i -0.0001 + 0.0031i -0.0002 + 0.0031i
Columns 13 through 16
-0.0003 + 0.0031i -0.0003 + 0.0031i
Columns 17 through 20
-0.0006 + 0.0031i -0.0007 + 0.0031i
Columns 21 through 24
-0.0010 + 0.0031i -0.0012 + 0.0031i
Columns 25 through 28
-0.0019 + 0.0031i -0.0023 + 0.0031i
Columns 29 through 32
-0.0030 -0.0023
Columns 33 through 36
-0.0014 -0.0012
Columns 37 through 40
-0.0008 -0.0007
Columns 41 through 44
-0.0004 -0.0003
Columns 45 through 48
-0.0001 -0.0001
Columns 49 through 52
-0.0004 + 0.0031i -0.0008 + 0.0031i -0.0014 + 0.0031i -0.0030 + 0.0031i -0.0019 -0.0010 -0.0006 -0.0003 -0.0000 -0.0005 + 0.0031i -0.0009 + 0.0031i -0.0016 + 0.0031i -0.0370 -0.0016 -0.0009 -0.0005 -0.0002 0.0000
0.0001 0.0001 0.0002 0.0002
Columns 53 through 56
0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004
Columns 57 through 60
0.0004 0.0005
Columns 61 through 64
0.0006 0.0006
Columns 65 through 68
0.0007 0.0007
Columns 69 through 72
0.0008 0.0008
Columns 73 through 76
0.0009 0.0010
Columns 77 through 80
0.0011 0.0011
Columns 81 through 84
0.0012 0.0012
Columns 85 through 88
0.0013 0.0013
Columns 89 through 92
0.0014 0.0014
Columns 93 through 96
0.0005 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0008 0.0008 0.0009 0.0009 0.0010 0.0010 0.0011 0.0011 0.0012 0.0013 0.0013 0.0014 0.0015 0.0015
0.0015 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016
Columns 97 through 100
0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0018
Columns 101 through 104
0.0018 0.0018
Columns 105 through 108
0.0020 0.0020
Columns 109 through 112
0.0021 0.0022
Columns 113 through 116
0.0023 0.0024
Columns 117 through 120
0.0025 0.0026
Columns 121 through 124
0.0027 0.0028
Columns 125 through 128
0.0030 0.0031
Columns 129 through 132
0.0033 0.0034
Columns 133 through 136
0.0036 0.0037
Columns 137 through 140
0.0019 0.0020 0.0022 0.0024 0.0026 0.0029 0.0031 0.0034 0.0038 0.0019 0.0021 0.0023 0.0025 0.0027 0.0029 0.0032 0.0035 0.0039
0.0040 0.0041 0.0042 0.0043
Columns 141 through 144
0.0044 0.0045 0.0046 0.0047
Columns 145 through 148
0.0049 0.0050
Columns 149 through 152
0.0054 0.0056
Columns 153 through 156
0.0060 0.0062
Columns 157 through 160
0.0068 0.0069
Columns 161 through 164
0.0076 0.0078
Columns 165 through 168
0.0085 0.0088
Columns 169 through 172
0.0096 0.0099
Columns 173 through 176
0.0108 0.0112
Columns 177 through 180
0.0123 0.0127
Columns 181 through 184
0.0051 0.0057 0.0064 0.0071 0.0080 0.0090 0.0102 0.0115 0.0131 0.0053 0.0059 0.0066 0.0074 0.0083 0.0093 0.0105 0.0119 0.0135
0.0139 0.0144 0.0148 0.0153
Columns 185 through 188
0.0158 0.0163 0.0168 0.0174
Columns 189 through 192
0.0180 0.0185
Columns 193 through 196
0.0204 0.0211
Columns 197 through 200
0.0233 0.0241
Columns 201 through 204
0.0265 0.0274
Columns 205 through 208
0.0303 0.0313
Columns 209 through 212
0.0346 0.0358
Columns 213 through 216
0.0395 0.0409
Columns 217 through 220
0.0452 0.0467
Columns 221 through 224
0.0517 0.0534
Columns 225 through 228
0.0191 0.0218 0.0249 0.0284 0.0324 0.0370 0.0423 0.0483 0.0552 0.0198 0.0225 0.0257 0.0293 0.0335 0.0382 0.0437 0.0500 0.0571
0.0591 0.0611 0.0632 0.0654
Columns 229 through 232
0.0676 0.0699 0.0723 0.0748
Columns 233 through 236
0.0773 0.0800
Columns 237 through 240
0.0885 0.0915
Columns 241 through 244
0.1013 0.1047
Columns 245 through 248
0.1159 0.1199
Columns 249 through 252
0.1326 0.1372
Columns 253 through 256
0.1518 0.1570
Columns 257 through 260
0.1737 0.1796
Columns 261 through 264
0.1987 0.2055
Columns 265 through 268
0.2273 0.2351
Columns 269 through 272
0.0827 0.0947 0.1083 0.1240 0.1419 0.1624 0.1858 0.2125 0.2431 0.0856 0.0979 0.1121 0.1282 0.1467 0.1679 0.1921 0.2198 0.2514
0.2600 0.2689 0.2781 0.2876
Columns 273 through 276
0.2974 0.3076 0.3180 0.3289
Columns 277 through 280
0.3401 0.3517
Columns 281 through 284
0.3889 0.4021
Columns 285 through 288
0.4446 0.4597
Columns 289 through 292
0.5082 0.5254
Columns 293 through 296
0.5807 0.6004
Columns 297 through 300
0.6636 0.6861
Columns 301 through 304
0.7581 0.7838
Columns 305 through 308
0.8660 0.8952
Columns 309 through 312
0.9890 1.0223
Columns 313 through 316
0.3637 0.4158 0.4753 0.5433 0.6208 0.7093 0.8103 0.9254 1.0568 0.3761 0.4299 0.4915 0.5617 0.6418 0.7333 0.8377 0.9567 1.0924
1.1292 1.1673 1.2066 1.2472
Columns 317 through 320
1.2892 1.3326 1.3774 1.4237
Columns 321 through 324
1.4715 1.5210 1.5721
Columns 325 through 328
1.6794 1.7357 1.7940
Columns 329 through 331
1.9163 1.9805 2.0468
t2
,0 t 1(4)z
4 t2 11 t 2,其中t 0:0.5:2.5
t2 2t 1,2 t 3提示:用逻辑表达式求分段函数值。 程序:
>> t=0:0.5:2.5;
>> z1=(t>0&t<=1).*t.^2; >> z2=(t>=1&t<2).*(t.^2-1); >> z3=(t>=2&t<3).*(t.^2-2*t+1); >> z=z1+z2+z3 z =
0 0.2500 1.0000 1.2500 1.0000
1234 4 1
3 1
2,已知 A
34
787 ,B
203 3
65
7 3
2
7
求下列表达式的值:
(1) A+6*B和A-B+I(其中I为单位矩阵) (2) A*B和A.*B
1.6249 1.8541 2.2500
(3) A^3和A.^3 (4) A/B及B\A
(5) [A,B]和[A([1,3],:);B^2] 程序: (1)
>> A=[12,34,-4;34,7,87;3,65,7]; >> B=[1,3,-1;2,0,3;3,-2,7]; >> I=eye(3); >> D=A+6*B 结果: D =
18 52 46 7 21 53 程序: >>D =A-B+I 结果: D=
12 31 32 8 0 67
(2) 程序: >> D=A*B 结果: D =
68 44 309 -72 154 -5 程序: >> D=A.*B 结果: D =
12 102 68 0 9 -130
(3)
-10 105
49 -3 84 1 62 596 241 4 261 49
>> D=A^3
D =
37226 233824 48604 247370 149188 600766 78688 454142 118820
>> D=A.^3 D =
1728 39304 -64 39304 343 658503 27 274625 343
(4) >> D=A/B D =
16.4000 -13.6000 7.6000 35.8000 -76.2000 50.2000 67.0000 -134.0000 68.0000
>> D=B\A
D =
109.4000 -131.2000 322.8000 -53.0000 85.0000 -171.0000 -61.6000 89.8000 -186.2000
(4) >> D=[A,B] D =
12 34 -4 1 3 -1 34 7 87 2 0 3 3 65 7 3 -2 7
>> D=[A([1,3],:);B^2]
D =
12 34 -4 3 65 7 4 5 1 11 0 19 20 -5 40
3,设有矩阵A和B
1 6 A 11
16 21
27121722
38131823
49141924
5 3
1017 15 ,B 0 20 9
25 4
0 623713
16
9 4 0 11
(1) 求它们的乘积C;
(2) 将矩阵C的右下角3*2子矩阵赋给D; (3) 察看matlab工作空间的使用情况。 程序: (1)
>> A=[1,2,3,4,5;6,7,8,9,10;11,12,13,14,15;16,17,18,19,20;21,22,23,24,25];
>> B=[3,0,16;17,-6,9;0,23,-4;9,7,0;4,13,11]; >> C=A*B 结果:
C =
93 150 77 258 335 237 423 520 397 588 705 557 753 890 717 (2)
>> D=C(3:5,2:3) 结果: D =
520 397 705 557 890 717
4,完成下列操作:
(1)求[100,999]之间能被21整除的数的个数。 提示:先利用冒号表达式,再利用find和length函数。 (2)建立一个字符串向量,删除其中的大写字母。 提示:利用find函数和空矩阵 程序: (1)
>> A=100:1:999; >> B=rem(A,21)==0; >> C=find(B==1); >> D=length(C) 结果: D =
43 (2)
>> x=input('请输入字符串向量:','s'); 请输入字符串向量:cToOmPpuIter >> y=find(x>='A'&x<='Z'); >> x(y)=[]; >> x x = computer
实验二 matlab矩阵分析与处理
1, 设有分块矩阵A 3*3
O2*3
E
R3*2
,其中E、R、O、S分别为单位矩阵、随机S2*2
E
R RS
2
S
矩阵、零矩阵和对角阵,试通过数值计算验证A2
O
>> E=eye(3); >> R=rand(3,2); >> O=zeros(2,3); >> S=diag(1:2); >> A=[E,R;O,S] A =
1.0000 0 0 0.9501 0.4860 0 1.0000 0 0.2311 0.8913 0 0 1.0000 0.6068 0.7621 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 2.0000
>> A^2
ans =
1.0000 0 0 1.9003 1.4579 0 1.0000 0 0.4623 2.6739 0 0 1.0000 1.2137 2.2863 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 4.0000
。
2, 建立一个5×5矩阵,求它的行列式的值、迹、秩和范数。
>> A=[-29,6,18;20,5,12;-8,8,5]; >> b=eig(A) b =
-25.3169 -10.5182
16.8351
>> [v,b]=eig(A) v =
0.7130 0.2803 0.2733 -0.6084 -0.7867 0.8725 0.3487 0.5501 0.4050 b =
-25.3169 0 0 0 -10.5182 0 0 0 16.8351
3,下面是一个线性方程组:
1/2 1/3 1/4
1/31/41/5
1/4 x1 0.95
1/5x2 0.67 1/6 x3 0.52
(1)求方程的解;
(2)将方程右边向量元素b3改为0.53,再求解,并比较b3的变化和解的相对变化。
(1)
>> A=[1/2,1/3,1/4;1/3,1/4,1/5;1/4,1/5,1/6]; >> C=[0.95;0.67;0.52];
>> B=A\C B =
1.2000 0.6000 0.6000
>> A=[1/2,1/3,1/4;1/3,1/4,1/5;1/4,1/5,1/6];C=[0.95;0.67;0.52]
C =
0.9500 0.6700 0.5200