基于SG3525设计单相正弦波SPWM逆变电源外文翻译(6)

基于SG3525设计单相正弦波SPWM逆变电源

but suffer from radio frequency (RF) properties on the other hand. The power consumption of the controller also has to be taken into account.

Applications

Switched-mode PSUs in domestic products such as personal computers often have universal inputs, meaning that they can accept power from most mains supplies throughout the world, with rated frequencies from 50 Hz to 60 Hz and voltages from 100 V to 240 V (although a manual voltage range switch may be required). In practice they will operate from a much wider frequency range and often from a DC supply as well. In 2006, at an Intel Developers Forum, Google engineers proposed the use of a single 12 V supply inside PCs, due to the high efficiency of switch mode supplies directly on the PCB.

Most modern desktop and laptop computers already have a DC-DC converter on the motherboard, to step down the voltage from the PSU or the battery to the CPU core voltage, as low as 0.8 V for a low voltage CPU to 1.2-1.5 V for a desktop CPU as of 2007. Most laptop computers also have a DC-AC inverter to step up the voltage from the battery to drive the backlight, typically around 1000 Vrms.

Certain applications, such as in automobile industry where ordinary cars often use 12 V DC and in some industrial settings, DC supply is chosen to avoid hum and interference and ease the integration of capacitors and batteries used to buffer the voltage. Most small aircraft use 28 V DC, but larger aircraft like Boeing-747 often use up to 90 kVA 3-phase at 200 V AC 400 Hz, though they often have a DC bus as well. Even fighter planes like F-16 use 400 Hz power. The MD-81 airplane has an 115/200 V 400 Hz AC and 28 V DC power system generated by three 40 kVA AC generators. Helicopters also use the 28 V DC system. Some submarines like the Soviet Alfa class submarine utilized two synchronous generators providing a variable three-phase current, 2 x 1500 kW, 400 V, 400 Hz. The space shuttle uses three fuel cells generating 30 - 36 V DC. Some is converted into 400 Hz AC power and 28 V DC power. The International Space Station uses 120 V DC power. Larger trucks uses 24 V DC.

See also: Avionics, Airplane ground support

In the case of TV sets, for example, one can test the excellent regulation of the power supply by using a variac. For example, in some models made by Philips, the power supply starts when the voltage reaches around 90 volts. From there, one can change the voltage with the variac, and go as low as 40 volts and as high as 260 (known such case that voltage was 360), and the image will show absolutely no 6