2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

2018年6月四级考试真题（第一套）

PartⅠWriting (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more

than 180 words.

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A

Directions:I n this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only

once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices

marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a

single line through the centre.

Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) Annoyed. C) Confused.

B) Scared. D) Offended.

2. A) It crawled over the woman’s hands. C) It was killed by the police on the spot.

B) It wound up on the steering wheel. D) It was covered with large scales.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) A study of the fast-food service.

B) Fast food customer satisfaction.

C) McDonald’s new business strategies.

D) Competition in the fast-food industry.

4. A) Customers’ higher demands. C) Increased variety of products.

B) The inefficiency of employees. D) The rising number of customers.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.

B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.

C) U.S. government’s approval of private space missions.

D) Competition among public and private space companies.

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.

B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.

C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.

D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.

7. A) It is significant. C) It is unpredictable.

B) It is promising. D) It is unprofitable.

Section B

Directions: I n this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked

A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single

line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand. C) Swimming around a Thai island.

B) Showing friends around Phuket. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.

9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage. C) She learned some Thai words.

B) She met a Thai girl’s parents. D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.

10. A) His class will start in a minute. C) Someone is knocking at his door.

B) He has got an incoming phone call. D) His phone is running out of power.

11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.

B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.

C) He collects things from different countries.

D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.

B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.

C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.

D) Trying out a new gym in town.

13. A) Professional personal training. C) A discount for a half-year membership.

B) Free exercise for the first week. D) Additional benefits for young couples.

14. A) The safety of weight-lifting. C) The renewal of his membership.

B) The high membership fee. D) The operation of fitness equipment.

15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.

B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.

D) She used to be the gym’s personal trainer.

Section C

Directions: I n this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After

you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),

C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line

through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.

B) They often apply for a number of positions.

C) They worry about the results of their applications.

D) They search extensively for employers’ information.

17. A) Get better organized. C) Find better-paid jobs.

B) Edit their references. D) Analyze the searching process.

18. A) Provide their data in detail. C) Make use of better search engines.

B) Personalize each application. D) Apply for more promising positions.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.

B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.

C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.

D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.

20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.

B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.

C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.

D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.

21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.

B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.

C) Organize kids into various interest groups.

D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.

B) It is a major social activity among the young.

C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.

D) It is even more expressive than the written word.

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa. C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.

B) It is really marvelous to look at. D) It offers people a chance to socialize.

24. A) Their state of mind improved. C) They enjoyed better health.

B) They became better dancers. D) Their relationship strengthened.

25. A) It is fun. C) It is exhausting.

B) It is life. D) It is rhythmical.

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A

Directions: I n this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the

passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is

identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet

2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank

more than once.

Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .

All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.

To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, say s they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph

from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces ‘Endangered’ List

A) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice’s main tourist sites, the

Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist: it was tilled with Venetians, not tourists.

B) “People are cheering and holding their carts in the air,” says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped

organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ’90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. “It started as a joke,” he says with a laugh.

“The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down.”

C) Venice is one of the ho ttest tourist destinations in the world. But that’s a problem. Up to 90,000

tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents.

The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 i n the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can’t even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.

D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do

anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,” she says, “and everyone wants a piece.”

E) Just beyond St. Mark’s Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over

their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. “Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad,” Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake?

That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we’ll see Venice break down.”

F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it

put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world’s people. I n 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice’s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.

G) Venice’s deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting

in Istanbul. Only one representative, J ad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. “For several

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation,” Tabet told UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste.”

H) But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote. “It’s been postponed until 20l7,” says Anna Somers, the

founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultura l organization didn’t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become “intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations.”

I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it

considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO’s assistant director-general for culture.

J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists(考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined It aly’s global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.

K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy’s p rofitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview.

L) The city’s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UN ESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.

M) As for Venetians, they’re beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. “It’s a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around,” says Giorgio as he navigates around

a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where

they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting.”N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn’t made up of tourists. They’re Venetians. Giorgio says he’s never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. “For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic,” he says delightedly. “It feels unreal. It feels like we’re some form of endangered species. It’s just nice. The feeling is just pure.” But, he worries, if tourism isn’t managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.

36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.

37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect

its cultural heritage.

38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.

39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of

tourists.

40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day.

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.

42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local

residents.

43. Ignoring UNESCO’s warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city’s tourism

industry.

44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused

on the revenues from tourism.

45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.

After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Bri gham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.

The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.

Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far mo re concerning, Daffner says.

When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.

But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.

You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive(认知的) reserve, Daffner says.

“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel way s,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active,

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

because exercise is a known brain booster.

46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?

A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.

B) They occur only among certain groups of people.

C) Not all of them are related to one’s age.

D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.

47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?

A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.

B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.

C) Communication within our brain weakens.

D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.

48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?

A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.

B) Inabi lity to recall details of one’s life experiences.

C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.

D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.

49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?

A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.

B) Stop medications affecting memory. D) Exercise to improve their well-being.

50. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?

A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.

B) Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.

C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.

D) Staying active both physically and mentally.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives (档案馆) by the FBI after being stolen twice.

“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern (实习生), from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,” and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching i t.”

Decades passed. Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.

The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.

The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long. “It was luckily in good shape,” says Kapsalis, “and we just have to do some min or things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the l970s,” says Kapsalis, “and we keep our hi gh value documents in a safe that I don’t even have access to.”

51. What happened to Darwin’s letter in the l970s?

A) It was recovered by the FBI.

B) It was stolen more than once.

C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.

D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.

52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?

A) They proved its authenticity. C) They arrested the suspect immediately.

B) They kept it in a special safe. D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.

53. Wha t is Darwin’s letter about?

A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.

B) His cooperation with an American geologist.

C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.

D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.

54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?

A) Reserve it for research purposes only. C) Keep it a permanent secret.

B) Turn it into an object of high interest. D) Make it available online.

55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?

A) Growing interest in rare art objects.

B) Radical changes in archiving practices.

C) Recovery of various missing documents.

D) Increases in the value of museum exhibits.

Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具。如今，在中国乘地铁正变得越来越方便。在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁。许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析

（第一套）

Part I Writing

1.解题思路

本篇作文属于话题类作文，题目难度适中，题材贴近大学生生活，要求就阅读能力的重要性及如何培养这种能力写一篇作文。作文难度偏简单，出题人并未在题干中设置过多难点和陷阱，再次延续了这几年“真题复现”的命题规律——形式多样化，但是本质相似。但本次四级作文比以往“重要性”类型作文稍微复杂一些：题目中明确指出除了需要讨论“重要性”之外，还需要据“how to develop it”（具体建议）进行展开，因此需要充分审题，不遗漏题目要求。

2.写作框架

开头段以信息时代的海量阅读材料为背景，指出拥有阅读能力的重要性，并为第二段对其重要性的详细论述做铺垫。

中间段针对阅读能力的重要性，从三方面展开论述——阅读能力有助于高效高效挖掘有效信息，从而提升成功机会；阅读提高人的思辨能力、分析能力进而提升认知能力与解决问题的能力；阅读能力是一种输入能力，会影响写作或演讲等输出能力。

结尾段针对如何提高阅读能力给出建议——制定阅读规划，规定阅读时间与速度；合理进行精读或泛读。

3.参考范文

In this age of information explosion with various accessible reading materials, we seem to be overwhelmed by overloaded content. Reading ability thus becomes a significant element enabling us to stand out from the crowd. Possessing the outstanding ability of reading could benefit us in the following ways.

Firstly, the ability of reading is beneficial for establishing oneself in the fiercely competitive society. If one excels in reading and sorting out information, he is inclined to dig out valuable information more quickly than others, which will raise efficiency and contribute to greater success. Secondly, the ability of reading enables us to acquire some critical thinking ability and analytical methods, thus improving our cognitive competence and problem-solving skills. Last but not least,as one kind of information input ability, the ability of reading exerts great influence on the output ability, such as the ability of writing or speaking. .More absorption of knowledge and ideology, more excellent output.

When it comes to the way of how to improve our reading ability, many strategies are available. For example, we can make a timetable in which our time spent on reading and the speed of reading are regulated. Besides, we can adopt intensive reading or extensive reading methods based on different needs. Therefore, with measures taken, the ability of reading could be .

4.参考译文

在这个信息爆炸的时代，我们触手可得各种各样的阅读素材，似乎淹没于过载的信息之中。因此，阅读能力是使我们从人群中脱颖而出的一项重要因素，拥有优秀的阅读能力可以以以下几种方式使我们收益。

On the one hand, the ability of reading enables us to learn some problem-solving skills and analytical methods on our own, thus helping us achieve excellent academic performance. On the other hand,

5.词汇词组句型

accessible可使用的

overwhelmed adj

broaden one’s horizons使开阔眼界

masterpiece杰作

critical thinking批判思考

Reading ability thus becomes a significant element enabling us to stand out from the crowd.

因此，阅读能力成为了一个能使我们脱颖而出的重要因素。

Those books enable us to see the scenery or experience the story that might not happen in our real life.

这些书能使我们看到或经历现实中可能不会发生的情景或故事。

For example, we can make a timetable in which our time spent on reading and the speed of reading are regulated.

例如，我们可以做一个时间表，时间表中规定了我们的阅读时间与阅读速度。

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)