Soil Aggregate Stability(20)

土壤团聚体的经典文章

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structuralingphysicalbromegrassstabilityestablishment,(decreaseinWSAandtheyandattributedincreaseinthatdispersibledecreaseclay)infollow-(1981)fragmentationofaggregatesbyrootpenetration.ReidpartandtoGosstheclayorganicfromalsoshowedthatthegrowthofrootsofmaizeandtomatodispersedbondsbetweenacids,twoloams.exudedTheincreaseddispersionwasattributedtochelatesandclayandbyorganicroots,whichmatterremovedpolyvalentcationsfromthegregation,However,theirineffectspiteofisinthesegeneralpunctual(Reidpositive.

negativeetal.,effects1982).

ofrootsonsoilag-SoilMicrobes

rhizalLiveand/orareconsideredfungi,anddeadtemporarysaprophyticbacteria,bindingfungihyphae,agentsareparticularthevesicular-arbuscularmycor-bymainTisdallaggregatingandOadesmicrobes.(1982).

TheybiomassManytaKandelerandGermida,andresearcherswater-stablehave1988;Carter,aggregates,foundasignificant1992;Sparlingthisis,macro-aggregatecorrelationbetweenmicrobialetal.,1992;stability(Gup-molecularThemicroorganismsandMurer,1993;Amézketaetal.,1996b).

Bruceetal.,1992;extracellularweightcompoundsproduce(KandelerenzymesandresponsibleMurer,1993),formineralizinghigh1990;TheseChenu,polysaccharides(ChaneyandSwift,1986a;andBaldockalsoreleaseetal.,Oades,mucilages1993)orgumswhicharebindsoilparticles,stabilizingthesoilaggregates.Amézketa1982)becausetheyconsideredaredecomposedtransientrapidlybindingagents(Tisdallandstudyetal.(1995)usedartificialaggregatesinoculatedbymicroorganisms.withbacteriatoSynthetictheeffect40tion_C.Halfaggregatesonaggregateoftheaggregateswerecreatedstabilitywerebyofinoculateddryingthepolysaccharidesawithslurrybacteriaofsand,producedtosiltallowandinproduc-claysituat.tion,ofthanaspolysaccharidescontrol.WSAandtheotherhalfweremaintainedwithoutinocula-bacteriaWSAgregateandofthethebacteriaaggregates-control.oftheaggregatesthemselveswereTheincubatedpolysaccharideswithbacteriawerehigherresponsiblefortheproducedincreasedbythenumberstability.Molopeetal.(1987)suggestedthattherearealimitedag-adhesivesofducedinmicrositesaggregatebetweensoilparticleswherepolysaccharidescanactaslittlebybacteriainexcessformation.ofthatoccupyingTheyaddedallthattheavailableanypolysaccharidesiteswouldpro-addaggregateDoriozornothingtoaggregatestability.

ides.mineralLivingstabilityetal.(1993)organismwasconcludedthattheinfluenceoflivingorganismsonaremoreable,thanbysimplyastrongsecretionofpolysacchar-fective.Thesematrixauthorsunderconditionsemphasizetheinwhichthemselves,importancephysicaltoinduceastructureinaofthemechanismssuctionresultingproveinef-from

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