小学英语一般过去时讲义,适用于初学或者复习。
★一般过去时★
1、概念
表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday morning/ evening,the day before yesterday(前天),last night/week/ month/year,just now(刚才),two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。
2、动词一般过去时变化规则
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked, play- played
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped,plan-planned, prefer-preferred
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.小学阶段不规则动词一般过去时:
am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
sing→sang sit→sat give→gave run→ran come→came eat→ate
take→took write→wrote ride→ rode drive→drove speak→spoke get→got
go→went make→made know→knew see→saw teach→taught buy→bought read→read put→put hurt→hurt cut→cut
fall→fell say→said
3、句式变化
(1) Be动词在一般过去时中的变化
1) am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
2) are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
3) 带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
(2)句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
Jim does homework every day. Jim did homework yesterday.