国际收支平衡表概念简介(7)

附錄二國際收支平衡表的組成部分及其相互關係

Components of the Balance of Payments Account and their Relationships

貨物出口

有形貿易差額Exports of goodsVisible tradebalance

–貨物進口

Imports of goods+服務輸出

無形貿易差額Exports of servicesInvisible tradebalance

–服務輸入

Imports of services

經常帳差額Current+本地居民從香港以外賺取的收益

AccountIncome earned by residents from outsideBalance

來自外地的收益淨值Hong KongNet incomefrom abroad

非本地居民從香港賺取的收益

Income earned by non-residents from withinHong Kong

+從非本地居民收取的經常轉移（資本轉移除外）經常轉移淨值Current (i.e. other than capital) transfers received fromNet currentnon-residentstransfers

–支付予非本地居民的經常轉移

Current transfers paid to non-residents

從非本地居民收取的資本轉移

資本轉移淨值Capital transfers received from non-residentsNet capital資本帳差額transfers

–支付予非本地居民的資本轉移

CapitalCapital transfers paid to non-residentsAccountBalance

+

非生產/非金融資產的放棄

Disposal of non-produced/non-financial assets–

非生產/非金融資產的收買

Acquisition of non-produced/non-financial assets

在香港的直接投資（向內的）Direct investment in HK (inward)

–在外地的直接投資（向外的）Direct investment abroad (outward)+有價證券投資（向內的）Portfolio investment (inward)–

有價證券投資（向外的）Portfolio investment (outward)金融帳差額Financial+金融衍生工具（流入）AccountFinancial derivatives (inflow)Balance

–金融衍生工具（流出）

Financial derivatives (outflow)+其他投資（向內的）Other investment (inward)–其他投資（向外的）

Other investment (outward)

+

儲備資產（香港金融管理局的外匯資產）的變動Change in Reserve Assets (Hong Kong Monetary

Authority’s Foreign Exchange Assets)

淨誤差及遺漏

Net errors and omissions

三個帳目差額與「淨誤差及遺漏」的總和等於零 *。

The sum of the three balances and “net errors and omissions” is equal to zero *.

*原則上，經常帳差額、資本帳差額與金融帳差額的總和應等於零。但實際上，由於資料須透過很多不同的來源搜集，帳目的付收雙方可能基於多種原因而出現差異。為了令帳目差額總和等於零，便須加進一個餘額項目，以反映平衡表的淨誤差及遺漏。

In principle, the sum of current account balance, capital account balance and financial accountbalance should be equal to zero. In practice, as the data are collected from many sources,discrepancies between the credit and debit entries may occur for various reasons. The sum of theaccount balances is brought to zero by the inclusion of a balancing item which reflects net errorsand omissions.