fear of dearth

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

FEAR OF DEARTH( dearth [d :θ ] n.缺乏, 稀少 )——

Carll Tucker

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

The author Carll Tucker, U.S. writer, is a graduate of Yale University(1973) He has written for such publications as Village Voice, the New York Times Magazine, the New York Times Arts and Leisure section, and the New Republic.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

From 1977-1981 he was editor of Saturday Review; there he wrote a popular column called “The Back Door.” “Fear of Dearth,” from that column, represents his amusingly philosophical style of comment as he analyzes the various reasons why people have taken up jogging.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Phrases in the article

Carrot and stick Hairshirt and bed of nail

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Carrot and StickCarrot and Stick is an idiom that refers to a policy of offering a combination of rewards and punishment to induce behavior. It is named in reference to a cart driver dangling a carrot in front of a mule(骡子) and holding a stick behind it. The mule would move towards the carrot because it wants the reward of food, while also moving away from the stick behind it, since it does not want the punishment of pain, thus drawing the cart.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

hairshirt and bed of nailThe term “hair shirt” is now used as a phrase to refer to some form of self-imposed penance or punishment. The term is derived from the Christian faith. As a word it is a noun that refers to a coarse type of haircloth garment that is worn around the skin causing discomfort as a form of penance or by religious ascetics(苦行僧). The use of the hairshirt can be traced back to the thirteenth century. A hairshirt is usually made of goat‘s skin and is thus coarse or rough against the skin. It was believed to cause enough discomfort to drive away the thought of sins of the flesh. 刚毛衬衣、钉子床，系苦行者或忏悔者用来磨难 自己的两种工具。

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Hairshirt and bed of nail

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

ascetic

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Religious Influence on Western Countries Religion impacts a region in many ways. To use several examples, we can look at the US, Turkey and Israel to explain how religion impacts a region. The foods and traditions of a religion impact regions in ways such as determining what farmers will grow and raise, what holidays will be important, and by what behaviors will be tolerated within a certain society.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

In the U.S. In the US religious beliefs have had a direct influence on the laws of the land. Since most of the founding fathers considered themselves Christian, and they wove fundamental Christian beliefs into the writing of law including the Constitution.The Christian religion has been incorporated into the national anthem, into schools, and has become a focus in the courts as more people move into the US. An example of how religion has impacted consumers is the Christian holidays that affect the economy. Farmers provide turkeys, cranberry's, potatoes, to name for the biggest holiday of the year; a religious holiday that has become very commercialized.The closing of businesses on Sunday and the restriction

on sales of perceived "sin" products on Sunday are directly linked to religion, thus the idea of Sunday being a family day in the US.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

In Turkey In Turkey, a progressive Moslem country, Ataturk changed how religion impacted the Turkish society by loosening the strict implementation of Islamic law. He encouraged modernization that would include women in the workforce, women living independently of men, and somewhat equalized the playing field for Turkish women. In Istanbul and Ankara women wear clothing influenced by western business wear which reflect the progressive movement sought by Ataturk. In reference to food, because Moslem's do not consume pork due to religious edict, there is a demand for meats such as lamb and goat which has a direct impact on what farmers raise for consumers, as well as how they farm.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

In Israel Religion has a dominant impact on all aspect of Israeli society. The ongoing conflict with the Palistinians over land is rooted in religious belief and tied to the idea that God promised this land to the Chosen. Of course, this idea is founded in the belief structure of the Jewish people and not held by the Arabs of the region. Culinary culture is totally dictated by religious order when people gather, do business and even marry. The people of Israel consider themselves as bound together by the Jewish faith and therefore their society is heavily influenced by that faith through the food they grow and eat, the clothes they wear.

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Environmental Problems

1

prairie rivers

2

3

air

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

prairie

V S

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

rivers

v s

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

Bad water kills more children than war

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker

air

v s

大学英语课文fear of dearth 作者为Carll Tucker