托福语法指导:附语法真题及答题要点
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分词及真题要点解析
分词是TOEEL必考内容,在历届试题中均占相当大的比例。分词的命题形式非常广泛。平均分布在written Expressions 和structure两部分。有时,即使分词不是题目焦点,但对分词的正确分析则可以帮助考生选择正确的答案。分词的命题要点集中在(1)分词的形容词特性、(2)分词短语作后置定语、(3) 现在分词和过去分词的主动与被动含义。 分词常考题型及解题要点:
1. 分词具有形容词特征,可单独作定语或表语。
全真例题分析
(1) The highly respect zoologist Ernest Just Joined the ruling board of the Marine Biological Laboratory in the 1930*s (93.1)
B 动词respect用来修饰后面的名词zoologist,故应改用分词respected形式,其作用相当于形容词作定语。
(2) A patent gives inventors exclusive rights to their inventions for a fix period of time. (90.1)
C 修饰保词period应用动词的分词形式,即fixed.
(3) Characteristics of Op Art are the carefully arrange hues and geometric patterns that create optical illusions. (88.5)
A 修饰名词hues,应用分词形式arranged.
(4) The question of the origin of the Moon is interest not only in itself but also as a part of the larger genesis of the earth and the solar system . (88.5)
B interest应用其分词interesting形式作表语,作用相当于一个形空词。
2. 分词短语作定语,放置于中心名词后面
解题要点 分词短语作后置定语在TOEEL考题中出现频率非常高。因而,考生务必熟记这一结构和用法。实际上,分词短语作后置定语。皆是定语从句的省略形式。
全真例题分析
(1) The leaves and stems of the aifaifa plant are the only parts of the plant ——