Step_by_step_3000_第二册_U5 Creative Minds答案与原文(5)

now people are all in favor of them.

T. 3. Louis Pasteur believed that it is tiny organisms that spread more diseases

F. 4. Thomas Edison considered the motion pictures his most important invention.

T. 5. Albert Einstein's most famous theory is about time, space, mass, movement and gravity.

T. 6. Albert Einstein's most famous theory led to the discovery of atomic energy. Tape script

Charles Darwin was another important scientist of the past 1,000 years. He was born in England in 1809. In 1859, he published a book called On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. He explained his ideas that all living things developed from simple organisms. He said these organisms changed during millions of years to produce different kinds of plants and animals, including humans. This is known as the theory of evolution. Charles Darwin's studies showed that some animals and plants have natural abilities that help them survive. They pass these abilities to their young when they reproduce. Other plants and animals that are less able to survive and reproduce may disappear. Charles Darwin's theories provided new ideas about the developments of living things. However, they shocked many religious people. Many people today still strongly oppose the theory of evolution because it conflicts with their religious beliefs.

Our next important scientist of the past 1,000 years is Louis Pasteur. His discoveries saved many lives. Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in France. He became a professor of chemistry. He discovered that heat could kill harmful microorganism. Soon this Pasteurization method was used to keep many foods and drinks safe. He also helped us establish the germ theory when he recognized that most diseases are spread by tiny organisms that reproduce in the body. Louis Pasteur also proved that an animal can develop a resistance to a harmful organism if the organism is weekend in a laboratory and injected into the animal's body. He called this method of preventing disease vaccination. He developed vaccines to prevent deadly diseases in animals and people.

The inventor Thomas Edison was another influential scientist. He was born in the United States in 1847. His work made possible the progress of technology in the 20th century. Almost everyone has been affected by the inventions of Thomas Edison. These include the motion pictures, sound recording, and electric light. They are only three of the many devices Thomas Edison invented or helped to improve. H e also invented devices to improve the telephone. He improved machines that produced electricity. And he worked on many electric motors, including those for trains. Thomas Edison once said the electric light was the most difficult to develop. He also called it his most important invention.

Our next scientist of the millennium is the Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud. He changed scientific ideas about the mind. Dr Freud was born in 1856 in Moravia. He established the idea that dreams help us understand our unconscious self. He said this is the part of the mind containing wishes, desires, or bad experiences too frightening to recognize. Sigmund Freud's work on the causes and treatment of mental sickness helped to form the ideas of modern psychiatry. His ideas about sexual development