Unit 5《Nelson Mandela-a modern hero》Learning about Language

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroLearning about Language

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Grammar reviewThe Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句

定 语 从 句

The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句

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关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：指人 that which who whom 指物 主语 宾语

√ × √ √

√ √ × ×

√ √ √ ×

√ √ √ √

何时可以省略？ 作宾语时可以省略2015/11/23

1. This is the best hotel in the city ______ I know. A. it B. where C. that D. which

2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady ______ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose

3. Is there anything else _______ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what

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4. What’s the name of the man ____? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed

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the Attributive Clause(Ⅱ) on P34 in our textbook 1)The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very life. difficult period of my

2) The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.

3)This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 4)The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.

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5)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

6)The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.

7)The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. 8). . . we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.

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一. 关系副词的用法关系副词 指代 在从句中的作用

时间when (=at/in/on /during/ …which)

时间状语

地点where (=in/at/… which)

地点状语

原因why (=for which)

原因状语

关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。

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关系副词：when, where, why 1. where 表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。 相当于in which 注意：where不在从句中作主语或宾语。 What is the name of the town where (in which) we stayed last night? Think of a place where (in which) we can go for dinner. Please leave the book at the place where (in which) it was.

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2. when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。相当于on/in which Tell me the time when the train leaves. July, when (=in which ) we can go home for a rest, is coming soon. 3. why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。相当于for which I don’t know the reason why ( for which) he left here. This is the reason why (= for which) he cried.

关系副词引导的定语从句修饰表示时间、地点、原因的名词, 并在定语从句中作状语 , 相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。2015/11/23

Concl

usion: 关系代词which/whom前介词的选择由先行词的习惯搭配或

后半句动词的搭配决定。关系副词when, where, why代替的先行词分别是表示时间、 地点或原因的名词，并且在定语从句中作状语， 多数情况下相当于“介词+which”结构。

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where/in which 【即学即练】 1.Harvard is a world-famous university______________ Wang An got his doctor’s degree. where/in which 2.In 1951 Dr Wang founded his own company ____________ computers were made. 3. He became a very successful entrepreneur in the US in 1985, ______________ he made $3 billion. when/in which why/for which 4. The reason______________ you should be late for school is unbelievable.

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二. 关系代词与关系副词的区别 why/for which missed the speech is that he forgot the time. 1) a. The reason _____________he b. The reason _______________ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2)a. I’ll never forget the day ____________ we spent together in Paris. b. I’ll remember the day _____________ we stayed together at that time. that/ which/ × that/ which/ ×

when/ on which

that/ which/ × 3) a. Is this the factory______________ we visited last year? b. Is this the house _______________ Lincoln once lived? where / in which

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Conclusion: 关系代词和关系副词的选择需要分析定语从句的结构。如果先行词在句中作主 语、宾语或定语则要用关系代词that/ which/who/ whom/ whose, 作宾语时可以 省略；如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，则要用关系副词，即when/ where/ why或介词+which.

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介词+关系代词的情况The man scientist. whom you spoke to was a

The city

in which she lives

is far away.

可见,who、that 不能用于介词之后

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介词+关系代词的情况Compare and think Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .

在固定短语中介词不能提前

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