高考英语 独立主格结构

高三英语总复习语法系列训练

独立主格结构

独立主格独立主格结构的构成： (一): 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词 现在分词、过去分词； 代词)+现在分词 名词 代词 现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词 形容词； 代词)+形容词 名词 代词 形容词； 名词(代词 副词； 代词)+副词 名词 代词 副词； 名词(代词 不定式； 代词)+不定式 名词 代词 不定式； 名词(代词 介词短语构成 代词) 介词短语构成。 名词 代词 +介词短语构成。 独立主格结构的特点： (二) 独立主格结构的特点： 1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同， )独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同， 它独立存在。 它独立存在。 2)名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， )名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， 介词等是主谓关系。 不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 )独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

1________________ , we began our holiday. The test finished = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 2_______________________, the whole country The president murdered was in deep sorrow. = After the president was murdered, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3___________________, we are going to visit you Weather permitting tomorrow. = If weather permits, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

4,This done, we went home. , = After this was done, we went home. 5,He came into the room, his ears red with , cold. = and his ears were red with cold. 6,He came out of the library, a large book , under his arm. = and a large book was under his arm.

.表示时间： 表示时间： 1 After spring came on, the trees turned green. = Spring coming on , the trees turned green. 2. After the signal was given, the bus started. = The signal given, the bus started. 3. After the meeting was over, we left the room. The meeting (being) over, we left the room. 4.As it was Sunday , the library was closed. = It being Sunday, the library was closed.

5, As the weather was fine, we went for a walk. = we went for a walk. 6. As there was no buses, we had to walk home. = There being no buses, we had to walk home. 7. As the key had been lost, she could not enter the room. = The key lost (having been lost) , she could not enter the room. 8. After the moon appeared, they decided to go on with their journey. = The moon appearing (having appeared), they decided to go on with their journey.

独立主格结构使用介词的问题： 独立主格结构使用介词的问题： 当介词是in时 其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分( 当介词是 时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物 主代词或冠词),也不用复数。 ),也不用复数 主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构 不受此限制 1

. A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. ( hand 前不能加his)。 前不能加 。 A robber burst into the room with a knife in his hand. 2. Last night I followed him here, and climbed in,

sword in hand. Last night I followed him here, and climbed in with a sword in my hand.

with + 复合宾语1.with + 名词(或代词)+ 现在分词 . 名词(或代词) He fell asleep with the lamp burning. You can’t leave here with the machine running. With him taking charge of the task, I have no doubt of its success. With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. 2.with + 名词(或代词)+ 过去分词 . 名词(或代词) The old man was listening to the radio, with his eyes half closed. All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. With the work finished, all of us went out for a walk. He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.

3.with + 名词(或代词)+ 动词不定式 . 名词(或代词) I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash. With so many books to read, I couldn’t go out with you. With only two minutes to go, they hurried to the station. With all this work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.

4.with + 名词(或代词)+ 介词短语 . 名词(或代词) He walked along with his hat on the back of his head. He simply stared at her with that peculiar expression on his face. He was asleep with his head on his arms. She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.

5.with +名词(或代词)+形容词 . 名词( 名词 或代词) 形容词 The man was sleeping with the window open. The mother doesn’t allow her child to talk with his mouth full. 6.with +名词(或代词)+副词 . 名词( 名词 或代词) 副词 With John away, we’ve got more room. The Emperor walked in the middle of the procession with nothing on. The student listened to his teacher with his head down. With the teacher there, he can’t write.

表示伴随情况、原因、条件、时间或补充说明： 表示伴随情况、原因、条件、时间或补充说明： blowing 1.The day is bright, with a fresh breeze ________(blow). facing 2.The new building with its windows ________(face) south is our office. to protect 3.Some were poor, without even a raincoat __________(protect) them from the weather. open 4.The young man wore a shirt with the neck _______(open), showing his bare chest. 5. The newly elected president felt very worried now with so many to solve problems _____________ (solve).

1.____,we went home. A. Our homework had been finished B.Our homework having been finished C. Our homework finishing D. Our homework been finished 2.The meeting____, he went back to his company. A. Over B. had over C. was over D. have been over 3.Time ____,we shall visit the zoo. A.been permitting,B.permitting C.permitted D.having been permitted

4,____,he put on his coat. A. It being cold B. It cold C. Being cold D. It having been cold 5.He lef

t the room____. A. with the door closing B. with the door closed C. with the door being closed D. the door was closed 6. The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied.