实用英语第三册B 3 U 4

实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Practical College English Course (III)

美心英语

上海交通大学出版社

实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Unit 4

Focus 1 Section 1 :Text: Color Me PinkBackground Information Warm Up Vocabulary Intensive Reading Exercises: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Section 2: Listening and Speaking

Focus 2 Section 1: Text: A Silver LiningExercises: I , II Language Points Section 2: Practical Writing A Guide’s Welcome Speech美心英语 上海交通大学出版社

实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IBackground Information Some Basic Facts about ColorsColor is important in people’s lives. But color is more useful than just making the world beautiful. Color is considered one of the most useful and powerful design tools people have. People respond to different colors in different ways. In American culture, black has long been associated with death, while white is believed to signify life and purity. In the Orient, white is the traditional color of mourning. In the U.S., black also suggests sophistication and formality. Americans generally associate and trust a stability with the color blue, while Koreans have this reaction to pink and other pastel colors. In western cultures, different colors have different meanings and associations. Purple and gold are often associated with royalty, wealth and opulence. Red, white and blue convey notions of patriotism and, to some extent, conservatism. Green has taken on a very strong connotation as the color represents ecology and concern for the environment. However, it also conveys meanings associated with money and the suggestion “to go ahead” which is obviously derived from green traffic light. Colors are also used to represent holidays and seasons of the year. The fall foliage colors of red, orange, yellow, and brown are clearly expressive of Thanksgiving. Halloween: Orange and black. Red and green represent Christmas. Purple and yellow and other pastel colors represent Easter.

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IWarm Up A Poem of ColorsOrange is a carrot, and the orange I eat. Orange and these bright new socks I wear upon my feet! Yellow is a lemon; yellow is a star. Yellow is the sun in the sky so far. Red is an apple; red is a rose. Red is the color of my frozen, icy nose! Purple is a grape; purple is a plum. Purple is my favorite juice. Shall I get you some? Green is the grass under both my feet. And green is the broccoli my mother makes me eat! Black is the night and a witch’s hat. Black is my Mom’s hair and that witch’s cat! Blue is the ocean; blue are my eyes. Blue is the sky where the lonely eagle flies. Brown is the mud; brown is the bear. Brown is the color of my brother’s hair. I’m learning all my colors, I’m really very smart. I put the colors in my head, I know them all by heart.

What are your favorite colors and why?

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IVocabulary Please go over the key words and expressions of the text before reading

*dislike vt. 不喜爱，厌恶 n. [C

, U] 不喜爱，厌恶 He likes cats but dislikes dogs. *alternative a. 可供替代的；二者选择其一的 n. [C] 选择之事物；选择余地 The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road. Expressions leave sb. Alone red with rage in the pink green with envy play a(n)... role for instance in conclusion

不打扰，不惊动 非常生气，气得涨红了脸 身体健康；精力充沛 非常嫉妒，眼红的 起……作用 例如 最后，总之

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading Color Me Pinkexcite: vt. to make sb. feel very pleased, interested or enthusiastic, esp. about sth. that is going to happen 使兴奋，使激动；引起、激 起(感情) e.g. (1) The story about a hero greatly excited the little boys. 这则英雄的故事使小男孩们兴 奋不已。 (2) The news has certainly excited comment. 这 消息已使人们议论纷纷了。 excite的过去分词形式excited可以用作形容词， 意 为 “ feeling or showing happiness and enthusiasm激动的，兴奋的”。 e.g. The excited children were opening their presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开礼物。

1 Red, white, pink, purple—what is your favorite color? We are all sensitive to color. There are some colors we like a lot and some we don’t like at all. No color is neutral. Some colors calm us, others excite us, some make us happy, and others make us sad. People are affected by color more than they realize because color is tied to all aspects of our lives. Question About Para. 1 (1) Why is color important to people? Because it is tied to all aspects of our lives. 把我涂成粉红色你钟爱哪种颜色？红色、白色、粉红色，还是紫色？我 们对颜色都很敏感。有些颜色我们很喜欢，有些颜色我们一 点也不喜欢。没有哪一种颜色我们对它是没有感情倾向的。 有的颜色使我们平静，有的使我们兴奋，有的令我们愉快， 而有的则让我们伤感。人们受颜色影响之深远超过自己所意 识到的，因为颜色和我们生活的方方面面紧密相关。

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Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading2 Experts in colorgenics, the study of the language of color, believe that the colors we wear say a lot about us. Do you know why you select a shirt or dress of a certain color when you look through your clothes in the morning? Colorgenics experts say that we choose, sometimes without really knowing it, to wear certain colors in order to communicate our desires, emotions and needs.色彩取向学专家，即研究色彩语言的专家 communicate: vt./vi. to transmit, to convey 认为，我们服饰的颜色可以显示很多有关我们 传达，传送；交流，通讯，交际 注意：communicate在表示“传达，传送” 的信息。早上你匆匆看一下衣服，就选定了某 时是及物动词，在表示“交流，通讯，交 个颜色的衬衫或裙子，你知道

这是为什么吗？ 际”时是不及物动词。 色彩取向学专家认为，我们选择穿某个颜色的 e.g. (1) Teachers should be able to 衣服是为了传递我们的愿望、情感和需要，而 communicate their ideas clearly. 老师们应 我们往往并未真正意识到这一点。 该能清楚地表达他们的观点。 (2) They communicate the new data to Questions About Para. 2 our office through fax. 他们通过传真将新 (2) What do colorgenics experts believe with regard to 资料传送到我们办公室。 the colors we wear? (3) Nowadays young people rarely They believe that the colors we wear say a lot about us. communicate with their parents. 现在的年 (3) What do we want to communicate when we wear 轻人很少和父母交流。

certain colors according to colorgenics experts? We want to communicate our desires, emotions and needs.

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading3 Colorgenics experts claim that the colors of our clothes send messages to others to clarify our mood, personality, and desires. For these experts, pink expresses the peace and contentment of the wearer. People who often wear pink are supposed to be warm and understanding. The message is that you would like to share your peace and happiness with others. Red garments, on the other hand, indicate a high level of physical energy. People who wear red like to take life at a fast pace. Yellow can maximize attention from others. Brown is the color of wealth and it shows a need for independence and material security. Wearers of green have a love of nature and enjoy peaceful moments. They often like to be left alone with their thoughts. Green also has a relaxing visual effect. Those whose preference for color is blue tend to seek permanent protection or job.thought: n. [C, U] a person’s mind for other 色彩取向学专家声称，我们的服饰向别人传达了 understanding: a. showing sympathyand all level: n. [C] a n. [U, C]standard or quality水 protection: particular inthewhen they are activity of the ideas that to make clarify: vt./vi. they have clear and (more) people’s problems and beingitwilling to forgive 一些表明我们心情、性格和意愿的信息。在这些专 平，等级；水平面，水平线 protecting sb. or sth. stop leave sb. alone: to 保护，防卫；保护 thinking思想；想法，见解；思考，思 comprehensible阐明，澄清 annoying sb. or them when they do sth. wrong通情达理的， 家看来，粉红色意味着穿衣者平静而满足，经常穿 e.g. (1) Theget their attention 不打扰；不惊 物，护身符 trying to level of people’s living is greatly 维，思想活动 e.g. (1) He 有理解力的stood up and clarified his position. 粉红色衣服的人被认为是热心且善解人意的，它传 improved. 人们的生活水平大幅提高。 e.g. (1) The protection of the environment 动 e.g. (1) My an understanding 他站起来阐明了自己的

立场。 home. 她是一 e.g. (1) She isthoughts turned to friend. 我想 递的信息是你愿意和别人分享你的平静和快乐；而 (2) I finally alone is the Leaveof everyone. 保护环境人人有 the e.g. duty me found my own level in 家了。 public were please. 请别打扰我。 (2) The 位善解人意的朋友。 very disappointed that business world. alone: to stop touching, 红色衣服则象征着强健的体能，穿红色衣服的人喜 责。(2) sth. 我终于在生意场上找到了自 leave She’s hadn’t clarified and matters. 政 the government a quiet girl my difficulties. (2) He is understanding of the doesn’t 己的位置。 orgave her sth. 不碰；不变动； 欢快节奏的生活；黄色最能吸引别人的注意力；棕 (2) Her coat moving protection from the changing, share her thoughts. 她是个文静的女孩， 府没有澄清这些问题，公众感到很失望。 他非常体谅我的难处。 (3) The rain. 她的外套使她免受雨淋。 reached roof 色是象征财富的颜色，它传递了需求独立和物质安 不移动 flood water nearly 不表露她的想法。 clarify是从形容词clear 名 词 ， 意 为 “ the understanding 还 可 用 作+后缀-fy派生而来， level. 洪水几乎涨到屋顶。 protect别碰那个， protection 的 动 词 形 式 是 ，意为 e.g. (3) Leave that alone,thought =prettify(美 全的信息；穿绿色衣服的人热爱自然，喜欢安宁， 类似的例子有：pretty it’s mine. particular -fy knowledge After muchhas +abouthea decided that sb. level还可用作形容词，意为“having a flat “to to buysure that sb./sth. is not harmed, 那是我的。 他们常常喜欢独处幽思，而绿色也有着轻松舒缓的 not make the car. 经过仔细考虑后他决 化);just + -fy =justify(使……合法); subject or situation理解(力);谅解，协 surface that does not slope平的，水平的”。 injured, damaged, etc. 保护，保卫”。 视觉效果；偏爱蓝色的人往往寻求永久的护佑或稳 定不买汽车了。 pure + 议”。-fy =purify(使……纯洁)。 e.g. We need a level piece of ground to play 定的工作。 His understanding of English is very e.g. (1) football on. 我们需要一块平地来踢足球。 good. 他对英语的理解力非常强。 (2) They finally came to an understanding. 他们最终取得了一致意见。 Question About Para. 3

(4) What does a red garment indicate about the wearer? A red garment indicates a high level of physical energy.

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading4 Although colorgenics may be a recent area of study, associating colors with emotions is not new. Colors have always been used to describe not only our feelings, but also our physical health and attitudes. “Red with rage” describes anger; “in the pink” means to be in good health; “feeling blue” is a sad way to feel; and “green with envy”

indicates a jealous attitude.jealous: a.the statevery jealous非常嫉 or unhappy anger: n. withwith rage: beingangry that [U] feeling green red envy: ofangry angry怒，愤怒 so in the pink: fine, had that we all because cried with anger well, in sb. kept e.g. (1) Sheyou wish youverysosth. that good 妒，眼红的 face turns red 非常生气，气得 elsecondition 身体健康；精力充沛 hasTim was green with envy when silent. 她愤怒地大叫，所以我们都保持沉默。 e.g. (1) 嫉妒的，羡慕的；猜忌的 涨红了脸 e.g. He is new car. is 他气消了。 e.g.saw (1) Although he 看到杰克的新他 (2)(1) Jack’s jealousalone 77 years old, he His anger faded away.now. She is he e.g. Leave her of their success. still looks in the 嫉妒他们的成就。 pink. 虽然他已经77 anger还可用作动词，意为“to make sb. angry 车，蒂姆非常嫉妒。 red with rage. 这会儿别惹她， 岁了，但看上去依然很健康。she is (2) Her sister had friend given a 使发怒，激怒”。 Jane’s been but (2) Sarah is 她非常生气。 jealous wasAll playsby she other green萨 if angered e.g. (1) I (2) Jane theandwith are in girls.pink. to his was the gold wristwatch family refusal to come 家里所有人身体都好。 拉是简的朋友，但如果简和别的女孩 thewith envy. 别人送给她姐姐一块金手 party. 他拒绝来参加晚会激怒了我。 一起玩，她就很嫉妒。 angered him. 这个 (2) The question 表，她十分妒忌。clearly 注意：jealous通常和of搭配，be jealous 问题显然激怒了他。 of (sb.): 嫉妒(某人)。

尽管色彩取向学是一个新的研究领域，但是将颜 色和情感联系在一起却并不新鲜了。颜色不仅总是 用来描述我们的心情，也用来描述我们的生理健康 和态度。“red with rage”描述了愤怒；“in the pink” 意为身体健康；“feeling blue”是感到伤感；“green with envy”表示嫉妒的态度。

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading5 Color is used symbolically in all cultures and it plays an important role in ceremonies and festivities. Yellow is a symbol of luck in Peru and it can be seen just about everywhere during New Year celebrations—in flowers, clothing, and decorations. Some Peruvians say, “The more yellow you have around you, the luckier you will be in the new year.” Yellow is also an important color to the Vietnamese, who use it at weddings and also on their flag, where it represents courage, victory, and sacrifice. To the ancient Chinese, yellow was the symbol of high social status. In many cultures, white symbolizes purity, which is why brides often wear white wedding gowns. Black, on the other hand, symbolizes death, and it is often the color people wear to funerals. Question About Para. 5 (5) What does yellow represent in Vietnam? In Vietnam yellow represents courage, victory and sacrifice.在所有的文化中，

颜色的使用都有象征意义， role: n. [C] 作用，任务；角色 occasion for celebration: n. in U] a joyful 它在仪式和庆祝活动中发挥着重要的作用。在秘鲁， symbolically: ad.[C, a way that represents sth. e.g. (1) The media play acelebrate some happy major role in influencing special 黄色象征幸运，在新年的庆典中，黄色随处可见— 象征地 festivities to people’s opinions. 媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着 events庆祝，庆典；(庆祝)仪式 —花朵上、衣服上以及装饰品上。一些秘鲁人说： e.g. (1) During this traditional festival, many 重要作用。 you take part in the celebration e.g. are used “你周围的黄色越多，你在新的一年中运气就越 things (1) Did symbolically. 在这个传统的节 (2) Your role is to protect the girl. 你的任务 of May Day? 你有没有参加五一节的庆祝 日里，很多东西都有象征意义。 好。”对越南人来说，黄色也是一种重要的颜色， 是保护这个女孩。 活动？ wearing the ring on the ring finger (2) By 他们把它用在婚礼中和旗帜上，象征勇气、胜利和 (3) (2) The villagers had a celebration, with His role is the old king in our school play. of the left hand, a married couple symbolically 牺牲。在中国古代，黄色象征着崇高的社会地位。 他在我们学校的演出中扮演老国王的角色。 a new their eternal up with. 村民们开了个 declares film to finish love for each other. 将婚 在很多文化中，白色象征着纯洁，这就是为什么新 play a(n)…role: 起……作用 庆祝会，最后以放映一部新电影结束。 戒戴在左手的无名指上，也就象征着夫妻双 娘常常穿白色的结婚礼服。相反，黑色象征着死亡， e.g. (1) Mandela played a leading role in ending celebration词根是动词celebrate,意为“to 方向众人宣告了彼此永恒的爱情。 apartheid celebration庆祝”。 人们在葬礼上通常穿黑色。 曼德拉在结束南非种 have a in south Africa. symbolically的词根是形容词symbolical,意 族隔离的运动中起了主要作用。 为 “ relating to or using or proceeding by (2) China’s mainland plays an important role means of symbols表示象征的，符号的”, in Hong Kong’s economy. 中国大陆在香港经济 也可写成symbolic。 中起着重要的作用。 短语play the role of 意为“扮演……角色”。 e.g. In the school play, he played the role of a prince. 在学校的演出中，他扮演了王子的角色。

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Focus1 Section 1

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading6 According to colorgenics experts, colors not only are a mirror of ourselves, but they have an effect on us as well. Blue is calming, while red is stimulating and exciting. It’s not just by chance that racing cars are often painted red. Yellow is a happy color that makes us feel good about life. Pink awakens love and

kindness. Question About Para. 6 (6) What other function(s) do colors perform in addition to that of a mirror? Colors have an effect on us as well.stimulating: a. making you feel excited, more active and healthy, full of new ideas 使人兴奋的，使人有活力的；充满新思 想的 e.g. (1) We had a most stimulating conversation. 我们进行了一次非常振奋 人心的谈话。 (2) I found mountain air much more stimulating. 我觉得山上的空气更让人振 奋。 stimulating的词根为动词stimulate,意为 “to cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner 刺激，激励”。 e.g. (1) Exercise stimulates the flow of blood. 运动促进血液流动。 (2) Coffee and tea stimulate me. 咖啡 和茶使我感到兴奋。

在色彩取向学专家看来，颜色不仅是我们的一面镜子， 同时也在影响着我们。蓝色使人平静，红色令人激动和振 奋。赛车常常漆成红色并不是偶然的。黄色是愉快的颜色， 使我们感受到生活的美好，而粉红色则能够唤起爱和友善。

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Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading7 Some experts are so convinced that colors have a strong effect on us that they believe colors can be used to help us feel better. They say that by concentrating our thoughts on certain colors, we can cause energy to go to the parts of the body that need treatment. White light is said to be able to remove harmful things from the body, and it can balance the body’s entire system. Yellow stimulates the mind and creates a positive attitude, so it can help fight against depression. Green, which has a calming and restful effect, is supposed to be good for heart conditions. Books are now available that teach people how to recover with color. These books provide long lists of physical problems and the colors that can cure them. For instance, yellow induces people to digest food more easily, and regulate our nervous system.有的专家坚信颜色对我们有强大的影响，他们 digest: vt. to absorb to adjust调整，调节； regulate: a. completely sure arrange 坚信， convinced:vt. to fix, (food); toabout sth. and 相信可以用颜色来使我们的病情好转。他们认为， integrate (sth.) in mind消化 使有条理/秩序，整顿 深信，确信 我们将注意力集中于某种颜色，可以使能量到达 e.g. (1) Some convinced of the temperature 我坚 e.g. (1) am can can’t digest fat. 有些女孩 e.g. (1) IThis girls regulate her innocence. of 身体上那些需要治疗的部位。据说白色光线可以 吃肥肉不消化。 the room. 这可以用来调节房间的温度。 信她是清白无辜的。 (2) Humans cannot digest time; please asright. 我 去除体内的有害物质，还能保持身体整个系统的 (2) felt convinced plants such regulate (2) I My watch losesthat they were grass. 人不能消化像草一样的植物。 it. 我的表慢了，请把它校准。 确信他们是正确的

。 平衡。黄色可以刺激大脑，产生积极态度，因此 digest还可用作名词，意为“a periodical that (3) His job is to regulate the traffic. 他的 convinced的动词形式是convince,意为“to 能够帮助抵制抑郁。绿色有平和宁静的效果，一 summarizes the news or main contents摘要， 工作是维持交通秩序。 make sb./yourself believe that sth. is true使确 般认为对心脏有益。现在可以买到教人如何利用 文摘”。 regulate的名词是regulation,意为“规章， 信，使信服”。 e.g. He likes to read Reader’ s Digest. 他喜欢 颜色来帮助康复的书。这些书罗列了种类繁多的 规则；管理，控制；调整，调节”。 e.g. (1) You’ll need to convince them of your 读《读者文摘》。 job. 你要使他们相信你殷 身体疾病以及用来治愈这些疾病的颜色。比如说， enthusiasm for the 切地希望得到这份工作。 黄色能够促进人对食物的消化，并能调节神经系 (2) I’d convinced myself (that) I was right. 统。 我确信自己是正确的。

Question About Para. 7 (7) How can colors be used to help us feel better according to some colorgenics? By concentrating our thoughts on certain colors, we can cause energy to go to the parts of the body that need treatment.

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Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading8 Some psychologists and physicians also use colors to help them treat patients with emotional and psychological problems. By giving them what is called the Luscher color test, in which individuals select the colors they like and dislike doctors can have some insight into a patient’s personality. Questions About Para. 8 (8) How do psychologists and physicians use colors? They use colors to help them treat patients with emotional and psychological problems. (9) What does a person do in the Luscher color test? He or she selects the colors he or she likes and dislikes.dislike: vt. to not like, hate不喜爱，厌恶 它由like加否定前缀dis-构成，后接名词或动名 词。 e.g. (1) He likes cats but dislikes dogs. 他喜欢猫 但不喜欢狗。 (2) She strongly disliked being spoken to like that. 她非常讨厌别人那样和她说话。 dislike 还可用作名词，意为“a feeling of not liking sth. 不喜爱，厌恶”。 e.g. Tell me your likes and dislikes. 请告诉我你 所喜欢的与厌恶的。 注意：dis-是个前缀，表示否定意思。比如： satisfy(满足)→dissatisfy(不满足);please (使……高兴)→displease(使……不高兴)

有些心理学家和医生也利用颜色来帮助自己治疗有情感和心理问 题的病人。通过对病人进行称之为吕舍尔颜色测试的试验，即让每 个人选择他们喜欢和厌恶的颜色，医生就可以了解病人的个性。

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实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IIntensive Reading9 In conclusion, the study of colors can help u

s to understand ourselves and to improve our lives. It offers an alternative way to cure the body and spirit, and it can help us understand what others are trying to communicate. We can then respond to their needs and achieve a new level of understanding. Question About Para. 9 (10) What is the purpose of the study of colors? The purpose of the study of colors is to help us understand ourselves and improve our lives.alternative: a. that can be used instead of sth. else 可供替代的；二者选择其一的 e.g. (1) The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road. 这条路被堵住了，因此我 们走了另一条路。 (2) Stock is an alternative investment. 股票 是另一种投资方式。 alternative还可用作名词，意为“a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two possibilities选择之事物；选择余地”。 e.g. (1) Her father gave her the alternative of going on to college or starting to work. 她的父 亲让她做出选择，是继续上大学，还是开始 工作。 (2) We have no alternative but to go on. 除 了继续下去，我们没有别的办法。

总之，对颜色的研究能帮我们了解自己，并改善我们的 生活。它为治愈我们身体和精神问题提供了另一种选择，并 能帮助我们了解其他人所要表达的信息，使我们能够对他们 的需求做出反应，并达到新层面上的理解。

美心英语 上海交通大学出版社

实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IExercise I.1 The following questions are intended to help you get familiar with the text. Try to use as much of the original text as possible in your answers.(1) Why is color important to people? Because it is tied to all aspects of our lives. (2) What do colorgenics experts believe with regard to the colors we wear? They believe that the colors we wear say a lot about us. (3) What do we want to communicate when we wear certain colors according to colorgenics experts? We want to communicate our desires, emotions and needs. (4) What does a red garment indicate about the wearer? A red garment indicates a high level of physical energy. (5) What does yellow represent in Vietnam? In Vietnam yellow represents courage, victory and sacrifice. (6) What other function(s) do colors perform in addition to that of a mirror? Colors have an effect on us as well.

美心英语 上海交通大学出版社

实用英语第三册上海交通大学出版社

Focus 1 Section IExercise I.1(7) How can colors be used to help us feel better according to some colorgenics? By concentrating our thoughts on certain colors, we can cause energy to go to the parts of the body that need treatment. (8) How do psychologists and physicians use colors? They use colors to help them treat patients with emotional and psychological problems. (9) What does a person do in the Luscher color test? He or she selects the colors he or she likes and dislikes. (10) What is the purpose of the study of colors? The purpose of the study of colors is to help us understand ourselves and improve our lives.

美心英语 上海交通大学出版社