2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld语篇解题微技巧新人教版必修3

Unit 1 Festivals around the world

过渡句题(七选五)

方法指导

1)段落内过渡句:阅读空格前后相邻内容,挖掘内在逻辑关系,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的信号词,

如therefore、thus、so、but、however、on the contrary等,然后与选项中的关键词建立联系;

2)段落间过渡句:阅读上一段的段尾和下一段的内容,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的信号词,然后与

选项中的关键词建立联系。

典例引领 (2017北京)

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not

allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 We know that, while awake,

fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells, but the

memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神

经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next

day. 3

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses in the mice

taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,

showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s sleep, we find

it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller

room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the

synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed

the same size. 5 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.

1

2 B.It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E.That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G.Tononi’s team meas ured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12

mice. 方法运用

[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。研究表明,睡眠期间脑细胞之间的关联会减弱,从而使大脑为新的记忆腾出空间,但是对于重要的记忆,大脑则会对其加以保护。

1.C 细节句。上句指出,当不允许实验室的老鼠睡觉时,它们在一个月之内就死去了。本句是上句的延伸,由动物转移到了人类。C 项符合语境,意为“同样,人几天不睡觉的话也会生病”。

2.E 细节句。上句指出睡眠有助于加强新的记忆,下文对此进行了解释。本句应该是对这个观点的回应,E 项“那也就是为什么学生在学习之后如果有机会睡觉的话,他们就会考得更好”符合语境。

3.F 过渡句。下段首句指出“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他是正确的”,由此可知本句应指出某人的观点。结合本段提出的“睡觉期间神经元之间的关联减弱,从而为第二天要形成的新记忆腾出空间”,可以判断F 项符合语境。

4.G 过渡句。下句的synapses 以及the mice 为关键线索。下文指出了老鼠在睡完一觉后和睡觉前“synapses”的不同,所以本句应该指出本次试验的内容,故G 项符合语境。

5.B 细节句。上句指出,研究团队发现某些神经突触似乎得到了保护,并未发生变化,这正是对某些重要记忆的保护,故B 项正确。