In the current paper, a detailed literature review, conducted from an operational research point of view, is presented, addressing multi-echelon inventory management in supply chains from 1996 to 2005.Here, the behavior of the papers, against demand and lead time uncertainty, is emphasized.
The summary of literature review is given as: the most used research technique is simulation. Also, analytic, mathematic, and stochastic modeling techniques are commonly used in literature. Recently, heuristics as fuzzy logic and GAs have gradually started to be used.
Source: A Taskin Gu¨mu¨s* and A Fuat Gu¨neri Turkey, 2007. “Multi-echelon inventory management in supply chains with uncertain demand and lead times: literature review from an operational research perspective”. IMechE Vol. 221 Part B: J. Engineering Manufacture. June, pp.1553-1570.
译文:
供应链下的多级存货管理
从历史上看,多级供应链、仓库、分销商、零售商等,已经通过大量的库存缓冲被独立管理。竞争压力的增加和市场的全球化迫使企业发展能够快速满足客户需要的供应链。为了保持竞争力,降低库存,这些企业必须交互使用多级库存管理,同时降低运营成本,改善客户服务。
供应链管理是一种集成的管理思想和方法,它执行供应链中从供应商到最终用户以及公司内部不同部门之间的物流的计划和控制等职能。最近几年,供应链管理这个领域已经引起了广泛关注,并且它被视作能够帮助企业获得竞争优势的一种工具。供应链管理是为了在满足服务水平的同时使系统成本达到最小,从而把供应商、制造商、仓库和商店的业务效率都整合起来,使商品以正确的品质、在正确的地点、在正确的时间进行生产和销售的一套方法。可见,供应链由各种各样的成员或者阶段组成。供应链是一个动态的、随机的和复杂的系统,因此,需要许许多多的人来参与。
在制造企业中,存货通常占企业总资产的20%到60%。因此,对于那些追求