电子物流 外文翻译稿加原稿(6)

过程材料

Group, top management is favorable to the Supply Chain and, therefore, E-logistics (Romano, 2003).

There is a collection of literature indicating the importance of clusters and networks not only between firms but also along the value chain and across industries. The networks inherent in these clusters are integral for knowledge generation and diffusion, technology transfer, sharing risks and costs, allowing firms to access new markets and opportunities and, finally, building comparative advantage in the global market.

Porter (Porter, 1990) defines clusters as geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, specialized suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions. He proposed a model that provides conditions that have to be met for a firm to be internationally competitive and successful. This model focuses on four primary conditions that he arranged in a diamond-shaped diagram: factor conditions, demand conditions, structures of firms and rivalry, and related and supporting industries. The "Related and Supporting Industries" feature of the diamond denotes the importance of clustering in developing international competitive advantage. It incorporates two features of a healthy cluster: the presence of vertical support through internationally competitive supplier industries, which ensure cost-effective and speedy deliveries; and the presence of horizontal support in internationally competitive related industries to co-ordinate and share activities with and to stimulate local competition.

In the article, informatization of STLC will be presented through Project Modeling, Analyzing and Renovation, and Standardization and Informatization of business processes of the Slovenian Transport Logistics Cluster, which is performed by the Business Informatics Institute at the Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. With informatization, logistic companies not only have better connectivity with their customers and suppliers but also better performance and faster responses. To achieve an appropriate level of informatization, STLC must invest in modern information technologies. One of the possible solutions is the use of the Internet with its cost-effective policy and, in last years, high security as the most appropriate communication channel.