最新英语语音教案13406

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《英语语音》课程教学教案

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Unit 1

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Purpose:

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The students will learn some basic concepts in English pronunciation.

We are going to learn something about syllables, stress and rhythm in 9

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English. At the same time, they will learn to say greetings and farewell 11

with appropriate pronunciation and intonation in English.

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Objectives: Students will be able to :

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1.Define - in their own words a definition for 15

“syllable”and “stressed syllable”,then a definition for 16

“rhythm” and “rhythmic pattern”;

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pare – based on the understanding of the basic 18

concept, compare the degrees of stress and different rhythmic 19

patterns;

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3.Practice – imitate the typical stress patterns and 21

rhythmic patterns in English.

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Resources/Materials:

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1.Handouts: illustration of stress patterns and rhythmic

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pattern;

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2.Recordings of native speakers

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Activities and Procedures:

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1.Begin by asking the class to find out how much the students 30

know about stress patterns and rhythmic patters in English, make sure 31

that it serves the purpose of stimulating the students to think about 32

the issue and have the desire to find out the answers themselves.

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2.Display examples by playing the recording of the native

speakers showing the typical stress patters and rhythmic patterns in

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English.

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3.Ask the students to listen to the tapes to mark out the stressed

syllables in words.

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4.Ask the students to listen to the tapes to mark out the stressed 39

words in sentences.

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5.Have the students imitate the stress patterns and rhythmic 41

patterns to experience the rhythm in speech.

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6.Have the students share what they have learned by reading out

the practice materials in pairs.

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7.Have the students listen to the conversations recorded by 45

native speakers of English and try to get the rhythmic patterns in

their speech.

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8.Have the students practice the guided conversation. Ask them 48

to pay special attention to the stress the rhythm in speech.

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9.Highlight the language function in the conversation in the 50

practice.

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10.Have several pairs of the students present their conversation 52

in the class.

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ment on the students’ performance by highlighting the 54

achievement of the students and the efforts they need for the

improvement.

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12.Ask the students to do more practice after class and get ready 57

for presentation during the next session.

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附: 要点、重点和难点

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Unit 1

Basic Concepts: Syllables, Stress & Rhythm

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In this unit, we are going to learn some basic concepts in English pronunciation. We are going to learn something about syllables, stress

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and rhythm in English. At the same time, we are going to learn to say 67

greetings and farewell with appropriate pronunciation and intonation in English.

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First of all, let’s look at the syllable in English.

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Please listen to the following word: driveway.

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Now, tell me, how many syllables there are in this word? Right. There

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are two.

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Please listen to the following sentence: Drive him away.

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Tell me, how many syllables there are in this sentence? Right. There

are four.

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Introduction

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So. What is a syllable?

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A syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm. English

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words can have one, two, three or even more syllables. In the word

‘driveway’, there are two syllables. In the sentence ‘Drive him away’, 82

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there are four.

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What is a stressed syllable?

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In English words with more than one syllable, one of them will receive

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more stress than the others. Stressed syllables are those that are marked

in the dictionary as stressed. For example, in the word ‘driveway’,

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the first syllable is a stressed syllable while the second syllable is

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not.

Stressed syllables in English are usually longer, louder, and higher 91

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in pitch.

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Listen to the following example:

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ba NAAAA na

Syllable 1 Syllable 2 Syllable 3

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(short) (long) (short)

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The word "banana" has 3 syllables. Syllable 1 is not stressed and 98

so is short. Syllable 2 is stressed and so is long with a clear vowel 99

sound /:/. Syllable 3 is not stressed and so is also short.

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Here is a short summary about the stressed and unstressed syllables: 101

Stressed syllables are strong syllables. Unstressed syllables are 102

weak syllables.

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Stressed syllables:

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-are long

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-have a pitch change

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-have full vowel sounds.

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Unstressed syllables:

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-are short

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-often have a reduced vowel sound.

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Now let’s look at the rhythm in English.

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We all know that correct pronunciation of the individual English 112

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sounds is important in communication. The way the sounds are organized,

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however, is often more crucial for understanding. The rhythm of English,

for example, is one of the two major organizing structures that native 115

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speakers rely on to process speech.

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What is rhythm?

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Rhythm can be found everywhere in life: the sound of a clock, the

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beating of the heart, the strokes of a swimmer, and of course in poetry

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and music. But rhythm in language is less familiar because it is less

obvious. The rhythm of a language is characterized by the timing pattern 121

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of successive syllables. In some languages, every syllable is given about

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the same length, while in others, syllables vary in length. In English,

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strong beats are called stress -- the heart of the rhythmic pattern. 125

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第1单元基本概念：音节、重音与节奏

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本单元将向大家介绍英语语音语调的基本概念, 主要介绍英语语音的音128

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节、重音和节奏规律。

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首先，让我们先来看看英语的音节：

单词driveway有两个音节。句子Drive him away有四个音节。

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何谓“音节”？

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音节是一个言语单位，常常比一个语音长，但比一个单词短。一个英语单

词可以有一个、两个三个或更多的音节。就像我们刚看到的单词driveway有两134

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个音节, 句子Drive him away有四个音节。同时，音节又是英语发音节奏的最135

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基本的单位。

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何谓“重读音节”？

如果一个英语单词中拥有两个或两个以上的音节，其中一个音节会比其周138

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围的音节要响亮些。重读音节通常在词典中有所标注。例如，单词driveway的

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第一个音节就是重读音节，而它的第二个音节就是非重读音节。

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英语中的重读音节在发音过程中往往要比非重读音节要长一些，响亮一些，

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同时音调也稍高一些。例如，“banana”一词有三个音节。第一个音节是非重音，

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所以发音所需时间比较短。第二个音节是重读，所以元音/:/发的比较长，清

晰响亮。第三个音节同样属非重音，所以发音所需时间也很短。

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可见，重读音节与非重读音节分别有以下特征：

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重读音节: ⒈声音响亮⒉延续时间较长⒊音调较高

非重读音节: 1.延续时间较短 2.元音发音弱化

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英语话语节奏：学会发好每一个英语音素，是学好英语语音的基础，正确的

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发音在语言交流中非常重要。然而，语音的组合方式对于听者的理解也起着至

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关重要的作用。英语的话语节奏就是其中之一。

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何谓“英语话语节奏”？

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节奏在我们的日常生活中无所不在：滴答转动的钟表声，砰砰不停的心脏

跳动，游泳的划水节拍，优美诗句和音乐的韵律，这些都是节奏的体现。话语153

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节奏与前面我们所提到的日常生活中显而易见的节奏不同之处在于：语言中的

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话语节奏不是那么明显与绝对。语言中的节奏特征是由一连串音节的长短来体

现的。有一些语言的话语特点是：每一个音节的音长呈大致相同的趋势，这种156

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