深部矿井地应力测量方法研究与应用

有意义

第26卷 第5期

岩石力学与工程学报 Vol.26 No.5

2007年5月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering May，2007

深部矿井地应力测量方法研究与应用

康红普，林 健，张 晓

(煤炭科学研究总院 北京开采研究所，北京 100013)

摘要：目前地应力测量方法有很多种，可分为力学法、地球物理法及地质构造信息法等。在分析各种测量方法特点的基础上，介绍适用于深部煤矿巷道的地应力快速测量方法——小孔径水压致裂地应力测量法，包括小孔径水压致裂地应力测量原理、测量装置的组成部分和技术特征。在我国煤矿典型的深部矿区——新汶矿区井下巷道中，完成9个测点的地应力测量。其中5个测点的埋深超过1 000 m，最深达1 220 m。测量结果表明，7个测点的最大水平主应力大于垂直主应力；最大水平主应力高达42.1 MPa；最大水平主应力与垂直主应力的比值为1.004～1.550；新汶矿区超过1 000 m深井地应力以水平应力为主，最大水平主应力方向主要集中在N3°E～N43.5°W。通过井下实测，确定出所测区域地应力状态及其分布规律。同时证明，小孔径水压致裂地应力测量法可为深部矿井提供有效、快速的地应力测量手段，为深部巷道布置和支护设计优化提供可靠的基础参数。 关键词：岩石力学；地应力测量；深部矿井；小孔径；水压致裂；应用

中图分类号：TD 311 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000–6915(2007)05–0929–05

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT

IN DEEP MINES

KANG Hongpu，LIN Jian，ZHANG Xiao

(Beijing Mining Research Institute，China Coal Research Institute，Beijing 100013，China)

Abstract：There are many kinds of in-situ stress measurement methods at present，which can be classified into mechanical，geophysical and geological structure information methods. Based on the analysis of the features of various stress measurement methods，a new method—hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement with small borehole，which is suitable for rapid in-situ stress measurement in deep coal mine roadways，is introduced. The in-situ stress measurement principle，device and technical properties are introduced. Nine points of in-situ stress measurement have been completed in underground roadways in typical deep coal mining area，Xinwen coal mining area in China. There are 5 measurement points with buried depth more than 1 000 m，and the maximum is 1 220 m. The measurement results indicate that：(1) there are 7 measurement points with the maximum horizontal principal in-situ stress more than the vertical principal stress；(2) the value of the maximum horizontal principal stress amounts to 42.1 MPa；(3) the ratios of the maximum horizontal principal stresses to the vertical principal stress are 1.004–1.550；and (4) the in-situ stress field in Xinwen coal mining with buried depth more than 1 000 m is dominated by horizontal stress；and the orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stresses mainly concentrate on N3°E–N43.5°W. The in-situ stress states and the distribution law in the measured area have been determined through the measurement results. It is also proved that the hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress

收稿日期：2007–01–10；修回日期：2007–02–13

基金项目：国家自然科学基金重大项目(50490270)；国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB202203)

作者简介：康红普(1965–)，男，博士，1985年毕业于山西矿业学院采矿工程系，现任研究员、博士生导师，主要从事岩石力学与巷道支护技术方面的研究工作。E-mail：kanghp@