教槽料的原料及其生产

中文翻译

PigTecCo

Raw Materials Pre-Starter Creep Feeding& Manufacture教槽料的原料及其生产

Good Manufacturing

Raw Material SelectionFormulations

Dr Mike Varley BSc PhD F.I.Biol C.Biol R.Nutr.Director The Pig Technology Company mikeavarley@tiscali.co.ukThe Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Conclusions

Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

Elements Of Good Feed Manufacturing Practice生产优质饲料的要点 Quality& Safe Feedstuffs饲料原料的质量与安全 Raw Material Selection& Use原料的选择和使用

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Raw Material Processing– Micronisation– Extrusion (原料的加工—微粉碎—膨化) Equipment and Manufacture– Heating设备及生产—加热 Pelleting or not pelleting?? Pellet Size制粒或者不制粒颗粒的大小 Precision& Accuracy– Weighing and Processes QA (精准和精确—称量以及加工处理过程的质量保证) Feed Hygiene (饲料的卫生情况) Formulation and Quality Assurance(品质保证) Management !!!!管理The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

There is a lot to go wrong !!制粒PELLETISATION

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膨化Accelerated Loss of Activity EXTRUSION

配送Distribution

磨损ABRASION

Distribution

Feed ManufacturePremix Manufacture温度、湿度、氧气

FarmHeat/Moisture/ Oxygen Animal

加热

HEAT Distribution Centre

消化过程Digestive Processes

加热

HEAT? Stabilisation/ Dilution

StorageMetabolic

Digestion Availability

Time Bomb Starts Here

Vitamin Basic Manufacture

2.2 - 7.5 monthsConsultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Site of Metabolic Activity

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Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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Safe Feeds are very important in a safe pork supply chain

The Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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The importance of good quality manufacturing processes for starter feeds高品质生产工艺对教槽料的重要性

Dr Mike Varley BSc PhD F.I.Biol C.Biol R.Nutr.The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

PigTecCo

Materials& Methods材料&方法 The same starter feed formulation was used and produced in either a speciality mill or a high volume compound feed mill同一配方，不同生产工艺(专业的饲料厂，高容积的配合饲料厂生产)的两种教槽料 The feeds were given to 70 pigs in each of two groups on the same farm(两种饲料分别各自给予同一农场的70头猪) Performance was measured in the immediate post-weaning period(测定断奶后的生产性能)

The Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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Liveweight Gain and Feed Intakes增重和采食量240 230 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 Starter Mill Compound Mill

g/d

Daily Gain Feed Intake

Daily Gain– 28% bet

ter for the speciality productThe Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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FCR’s Compared饲料转化率比较1.2 1.1 1

FCR

0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Starter Mill Compound Mill

FCR

FCR– 15% better for the speciality productThe Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

PigTecCo

PROGNOSIS推测 Speciality mills can produce higher quality pellets and starter feeds than high volume compound feeds专业的饲料厂可以生产更高质量的颗粒和教槽料 This has a significant bearing on pig performance and profitability of the feed mill ultimately这体现在仔猪和生产性能和饲料厂的最终盈利能力上。

The Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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STAFF员工是成功的关键因素 - Are Crucial For SuccessSelection选择 Induction诱导 Training培训 Development发展 Prospects前瞻 Motivation激励 Environment环境 Team Building团队建设

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中文翻译

Mill Complexity Issues

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FACTS– Integrators may be more efficient综合的更有效率

Typical UK mills have between 200 and 300 products典型的英国饲料厂有大约200~300种产品 Typical integrated mills have between 20 and 30 products典型的综合性饲料厂有20~30种产品 Average run length in a UK compound mill is 8 - 10 tonnes英国配合饲料厂的批量生产量是8~10吨 Average run length in an integrated mill can be 100 - 150 tonnes综合饲料厂的批量生产量可以达到100~150吨Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

The Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Dr Mike A Varley

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Increase Run LengthsRun Length vs Cost/TCost/ T (£)

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6

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Run Length Tonnes Additional capacity Per annum

Run Length VS Additional Capacity

250000200000 150000 10000050000 0 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Run Length ( Tonnes)

Source: S. Read, BOCM PAULS LTD August 2003 The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

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Pelleting制粒The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

Pellet Pressing– Buhler Equipment

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How hard?硬度 What pellet diameter?粒径 What length?长度 What temperature?温度 What throughput?产量

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Dr Mike A Varley

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Pellet Quality– Multi-factorial Effects颗粒质量—多因素影响Diameter粒径 Hardness硬度 Durability耐久性 Manufacture生产

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Formulation配方

Feeding饲喂系统 System

Pig Performance

Raw Materials原料The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

Pellets Are Gen

erally Better Than Mash (meal)总的来说，颗粒料比粉料好 Pellets are better than meals

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Over thirty years ago many trials were carried out assessing the merits of pelleted feed versus meal. In 1971 Braude summarised 57 of these trials. He found that in 68% of them, an improvement in daily liveweight gain was seen and in 84% an improvement in feed conversion efficiency was observed when pellets were used instead of meals. When the same feed is offered as a meal or a pellet, the performance benefits from using a pellet in terms of both liveweight gain and feed conversion is about 5%.The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

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Pellet Diameter– 1.8 mm is the Optimum Diameter粒径—1.8mm是最佳粒径The effect on growth of 1.8 mm v 2.0 mm pellet diameter0.2

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Daily Gain (g/d)

0.195 0.19 0.185 0.18 Day 1-10 Pellet Diameter (mm) 1.8 mm 2.0 mm

The effect of creep feed pellet diameter on weaning weight7.7 7.65 7.6 7.55 7.5 7.45 7.4 7.35 1.8 5Pellet Diameter (mm)

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Weaning Weight (kg)

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Dr Mike A Varley

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Pellet Mixtures– Can work to good effect

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Helen Edge - Pellet Size Trial - Mixtures Treatment% 2.0 mm pellets: 9 mm pellets 100 80 60 40 20 0

_____________________________________________ Feed Int g/d 415 DLWG g/d FCR 354 1.17 441 365 1,21 508 404 1.26 453 350 1.29 498 358 1.39 476 380 1.25

_____________________________________________The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

Effect of Pellet Hardness– Theoretical硬度的影响—理论上

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ADG ADFI g/d

Soft

Hard

Level Of Hardness

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Dr Mike A Varley

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Fines– Percentage that is acceptable细颗粒可接受的比例Performance of weaners fed differing levels of fines for the first 7 days post weaning (SCA USA 2000)

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% Of fines in feed

2% (Controls)Feed Intake (g/day) Daily Gain (g) FCR Liveweight 305 254 1.20

5%265 217 1.22

10%226 182 1.24

Levels of 2% fines are far from acceptable but would be typical of many compounders’ products.The Pig Technology Company Ltd.Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley

中文翻译

Effects on Pellet Quality颗粒质量的影响

PigTecCo

Molasses 2% improves binding in some cases在某种情况下， 2%的糖蜜有助于粘结。 Lignobond can also help in binding pellets Lignobond有助于粘结 Throughput through the press important– slow and low heat Pellet length does not matter颗粒的长度无所谓 Pellet colour does not matter much颗粒颜色也不重要 Trough colour might be important– white better than black料槽的颜色可能很重要—白的比黑的好

The Pig Technology Company Ltd.

Consultancy Knowledge Transfer Innovation

Dr Mike A Varley