2007年本科英语美国文学史复习资料(5)

perceiver and perceived, fiction and fact, ―imagination and reality‖(想象与现实)

★4、Thomas Stearns Eliot 托马斯.斯特恩斯.爱略特 现代主义代言人

①多重身份：poet诗人, critic评论家, playwright剧作家

②代表作：

―The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock‖poems，holds its place in the development of Eliot’s poetry as a whole.

―Tradition and the Individual Talent‖essay,随笔《传统和个人天才》, the earliest statement of his aesthetics第一次阐释了自己的审美观点. provided a useful instrument for modern criticism.成为现代评论极为有效的评判标准。

―The Waste Land‖《荒原》one of the major works of modern literature. Use a new form — the orchestration of related themes in successive movement. 新的文学形式即相关的主题在连续运动中构成交响效果。

―Four Quartets‖《四个四重奏》poem

―Murder in the Cathedral‖，poetic tragedy, 诗歌悲诗, a drama(戏剧) of impressive spiritual power.极富感染力的戏剧

③作品特点：(1) concerns various aspects of the frustration and enfeeblement of individual character as seen in perspective with the decay of states, peoples, and religious faith.触及人性中的软弱沮丧的弱点，正确思索了国家、人民、宗教信仰等的丧失。

(2)poem conceived as a made object, an organic thing in itself, whose concrete elements are true correlatives of the artist’s imagination and experience with respect to that poem.诗歌是客观成型的东西，诗歌的具体元素与艺术家的想象和经历密切相关，也与诗歌相一致。

(3)The degree to which fusion and concentration of intellect, feeling, and experience were achieved was Eliot’s criterion for judging the poem.知识、情感、体验的融合与集中程度是爱略特判定诗歌好坏的标准。

5、F. Scott Fitzgerald F.司各特.菲茨杰拉德 novelist 小说家

①作品：―This Side of Paradise‖《人间天堂》，the first novel.

―The Great Gatsby‖ 《了不起的盖茨比》 novel

―Tender Is the Night‖ 《夜色温柔》 novel

②第二本小说的开展过程：dream梦想 → Daisy self-centered 理想化的淑女，自我为中心 → disenchantment, disillusion魔法消失，(因阶级差异)梦想破灭 → sense of failure and despair (light)失败和绝望

Ash 灰(象征) → forest树木，西部开发，树木变成灰了

③limited point of view有限视角 → suspense悬念 + mystery神秘 真实性→reliable可信的，不偏，不评价

6、Ernest Hemingway 厄恩斯特.海明威 novelist 小说家

①写作特点：(1)he developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simply sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.推动了报告文学的发展，认为报告文学句子结构要简单，用语要节制，想象要简练，要采用不受感情影响的、戏剧化的语调。

(2) His primary concern was an individual’s ―moment of truth,‖ and his fascination with the threat of physical, emotional, of psychic death is reflected in his lifelong preoccupation with