第24卷 第21期 姚海林等. 基于固结试验的膨胀土地基变形预测方法 3915
表2 膨胀土物理力学性质
Table 2 Character indexes of expansive soil
取样地点
取样深度 /m
含水量 /%
湿密度
-3
干密度
-3
饱和度/%
液限/%
塑限/% 23.9
塑指/%
缩限 /%
/(g·cm) /(g·cm)
孔隙比
cd /kPa
d /(°)
K58+100 0.9~1.1 21.3 1.97 1.63 83 50.326.4 19.4 0.72 22.6 27.8
表3 广西依托工程膨胀分类成果
Table 3 Classification result for Guangxi expansive soil
测试样名称
自由膨胀率Fs /%
塑性指数Ip /%
标准吸湿含水率/%
3.17
膨胀潜势分类
弱
K58+100 50 24.6
假定场区膨胀土土层是均匀的,按1层土来考虑,建筑场区膨胀土地基总变形按式(1)计算:
n
σf′ eiCszi
lg ρ=∑ zi=∑i=∑ σ′
i=1i=1(1+e0)ii=1(1+e0)i sc
n
n
experienced in engineering construction on expansive soils[A]. In:Proc.2nd Int. Conf. Expansive Clay Soils[C]. Austin:Texas A & M Univ.,College Station,1969. 26–30. [3]
Fredlund D G,Husan J U. One-dimensional consolidation theory:unsaturated soils[J]. Can. Geotech. J.,1979,16(3):521–531. [4]
Nelson J D,Miller D J. Expansive Soils:Problems and Practice in Ground and Pavement Engineering[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,1992. 105–116. [5]
姚海林,程 平,吴万平. 基于收缩试验的膨胀土地基变形预测方法[J]. 岩土力学,2004,25(11):1 688–1 692.(Yao Hailin,Cheng Ping,Wu Wanping. A simplified method for predicting heave in expansive soils grounds based on three-dimensional shrinkage tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(11):1 688–1 692.(in Chinese)) [6]
Fredlund D G. Prediction of ground movements in swelling clays[A]. In:the 31st Annu. Soil Mech. Found. Eng. Conf.[C]. Minneapolis:Univ. of Minnesota,1983. 62–68.
[7] Yao H L,Xu Y Z,Ge X R. Assessment of slope stability of expansive
soils due to infiltration of rain[A]. In:Proc. Int. Symposium on Water
Resources and the Urban Environment[C]. Wuhan:[s. n.],2003. 615–618. [8]
Morris P H,Graham J,Williams D. Cracking in drying soil[J]. Can. Geotech. J. 1992,29(1):263–277. [9]
中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. 公路路基设计规范(JTGD30–2004)[S]. 北京:人民交通出版社,2004. 146–150.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China. Specifications for Design of Highway Subgrades(JTGD30–2004)[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2004. 146–150.(in
= i
0.05×3.635.5
×lg=94 (mm)
(1+0.62)250
膨胀土地基的评价,应根据地基的膨胀、收缩变形对构造物的影响程度进行。以膨胀土地基变形变形量ρ作为分类指标对膨胀土地基进行分类。由于40 mm≤ρ<100 mm,膨胀土地基分类等级为
III级,地基变形较大,基础必须加大埋深和采取保湿措施。在坡顶和坡腰的建筑物产生破坏的可能性较大。整体结构厂房和简仓可采用筏板基础。
5 结 论
(1) 膨胀土地基的活动区可用现场静力触探试验确定,也可用膨胀土的裂隙的定量描述来确定,结果与现场探坑观测结果基本一致,能够满足膨胀土地基变形计算的精度的要求。
(2) 利用建立在膨胀土的恒体积固结试验基础之上的膨胀土地基变形计算方法,能够很好地反映膨胀土地基的天然状态,可以用做天然地基分类的指标。膨胀土地基分类对膨胀土基础选型具有重要意义。
参考文献(References):
[1]
Hamberg D J. A simplified method for predicting heave in expansive soils[M. S. Thesis][D]. Colorado:Colorado State Univ.,Fort Collins,1985. 275. [2]
Chinese))
[10] 姚海林,杨 洋,程 平,等. 膨胀土壤标准吸湿含水率及其试
验方法[J]. 岩土力学,2004,25(6):856–859.(Yao Hailin,Yang Yang,Cheng Ping,et al. Standard moisture absorption water content of soil and its testing standard[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(6):856–859.(Chinese))
Jenings J E. The prediction of amount and rate of heave likely to be