Lesson 83 – 84
Ⅰ. VOCABULARY
1. pack
1)打包,装箱 We are going on holiday tomorrow and I am packing right now.
2) 挤满,塞满 The football fans packed the hall.
3) package 包裹,包装
2. mess n. 杂乱,(常常用单数) v.弄脏
This room is a mess! You’ve made a mess of your job.
in a mess 凌乱,肮脏 You room is in a mess.
3. leave 离开,剩下,留下
It’s time for us to leave.
ask for a leave 请假 take French leave 擅自离开
leave a place for another place 离开某地去某地 The plane leaves Shenzhen for US.
leave for a place 动身去…… He will leave for Shanghai on business(出差).
leave sb.sth alone 不要干涉某人某事 Leave him alone.
4. already 已经,用于肯定句,疑问句 Have you done it already?
yet 用于疑问句,否定句的句尾,含有“仍然”,“还没有”的意思。
Ⅱ.GRAMMER
现在完成时: 现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 过去分词”构成的,其规则动词的过去分词构成与过
去式相同 .
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果。也就是说现在完成时
虽与过去有关,但实际上看重的是对现在的影响或结果。特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning/month /year...,today等)连用。如: He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况——
灯现在不亮了。)
Who has opened the window? 谁把窗子打开了?(动作发生在过去,但说明的是现在的情
况——现在窗子开着呢。)
2. 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,刚刚结束,或可能还要继续下去。此时常与“for + 一段时间”或“since + 表过去的时间点”或“since + 从句”连用。如:
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。
(动作起始于1978年,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去。)
I have lived here for more than 30 years.我在这儿已经住了三十多年了。
(动作开始于30多年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。)
注意:在这类句子的肯定句中谓语动词通常用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续,故不
能与for或since引出的时间状语连用。但短暂性动词的否定式可与这类时间状语连用。
如: I haven't met him for a long time. 我好长时间没见到他了。
3. 过去式和过去分词:规则动词的过去式和过去分词在动词后加上“ed”或者“d”,不规则的如下:
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put
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let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay--- lain 躺下,位于
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
bright--brought--brought think--thought--thought buy--bought--bought
catch--caught--caught teach --taught --taught say----said----said
get--got--got sell--sold--sold tell----told----told
sit---sat--sat spit--spat—spat win----won---won
shine--shone/ shined--shone/ shined stand--stood--stood
understand--understood--understood pay---paid----paid
send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend--spent--spent build----built----built smell--smelt--smelt lose----lost----lost
learn----learnt--learnt mean--meant--meant feel--felt--felt
sleep--slept--slept sweep--swept--swept keep-- kept-- kept
meet--met--met have--had---had hold--held--held
make--made--made dig---dug--dug hear--heard--heard find--found--found hang--hung--hung
C.原型与过去分词相同
come--came--come run--ran--run become--became--become
D. 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同
begin--began---begun drink--drank----drunk ring--rang--rung
swim--swam--swum sing--sang--sung
blow--blew--blown grow--grew--grown know--knew--known
throw -- threw -- thrown fly --flew /flu:/ --flown drive--drove--drive
rise---rose---risen write--wrote—written ride--rode--ridden
speak--spoke--spoken steal--stole--stolen break--broke--broken
wake--woke--woken freeze--froze--frozen choose--chose--chosen forget--forgot--forgotten eat--ate—eaten beat--beat--beaten fall----fell----fallen give--gave--given see--saw--seen
take--took--taken mistake-- mistook--mistaken hide--hid--hidden
can -- could may---- might shall-- should will -- would
其它
am,is--was--been are--were-- been do--did-- done
draw--drew--drawn go---went-- gone show----showed--shown
wear-- wore -- worn
Ⅲ. TEXT
1. I’ve already had lunch. 我已经吃过晚饭了。
2. I had lunch at half past twelve. 我12点30分吃的午饭。
3. I had one after my lunch. 我是饭后喝的。
Ⅳ. EXERCISES:
1、完成下列句子。
1. Have you typed the letter for the boss? Yes, I ____________________ the letter an hour ago.
2. I want to see the Great Wall because I ____________ never __________ it before.
3. Mary _____________ (lost),so she must ask for help.
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4. Have you found the lost pen? Yes, I _________ it when I cleaned the room.
5. __________ he make an appointment the day before yesterday?
6. The seaman _____________ away from his home for 3 months.
7. Miss Zhang is not here. She has ____________ to the airport to meet his friend.
8. Tom has ________________ in France for 6 months.
9. I know why you ______________ (tell) Lucy the news last night.
10. Could you tell me what they ___________ (say) to you two days ago.
2、汉译英
1、你今天遇到了张先生吗? 没有,但是我两小时前我见过他哥哥。
2、你吃过饭没有? 我吃过了。什么时候吃的? 我刚刚吃的。
3、我明天必须去上班,因为我已经休完了假期。
4、他在深圳已经待了15年了。
5、你来深圳多久了。我已经来了10年了。那你住在哪里呀?我住在宝安。
我住了5年。
6、我已经2天没有吃任何东西了。
7、Jane的妈妈已经去那里3次了。
8、之前你有没有和Joe谈过? 有,昨天我就微和他谈过。
9、汽车还没有来,我们已经等了20分钟了。
10、你有没有在海滩上野餐啊? 有的,我今年夏天就在海滩上野餐过。
你在宝安住了多久? 3