lnK=-zFE/RT=2 96485 (0.3402 0.2223)
8.314 298.15=9.1782
K=9.68×103
3. 解:
(1)2 Cl(a=1) +2 Fe3+(a=1)=== Cl2(p)+2 Fe2+(a=1) -
(2) rG=[-2×96485×(0.771-1.3583)] J·mol-1 =113331 J·mol-1 lg K=2(0.771 1.3583)
0.05916=-19.858
K=1.387×10-20
(3)E=
E-
= (-0.5873-0.05916)V= -0.6465 V
4. 解:
(-) H2→2H++2e
(+)1/2O2+2H++2e→H2O(l)
电池反应:H2(g)+1/2O2(g)→H2O(l)
(2) ΔrGm=-nFE=-2×96500×1.228=-2.37×105 (J·mol-1)
根据 ΔrHm==-Nfe+nFT(E/T)p
-2.861×105=-2.37×105+2×96500×298×(E/T)p
(E/T)p =-8.537×10-4 (V·K-1)
(3) 根据 ΔrHm=nF[E-T(E/T)p]; 得 E=1.25(V)
5. 解:
负极:Ag + Cl- - e- → AgCl(s)
正极:Ag+ + e- → Ag
电池反应:Ag+ + Cl -→ AgCl(s)
E=Eø-RT/Fln[a(AgCl)/a(Ag+)a(Cl-)]
∵a(AgCl)=1;
∴Eø=E-RT/Fln[a(Ag+)a(Cl-)]
= E-RT/Fln(γ±m/mø)
=0.4321-(8.314×291/96500)ln(0.84×0.05)=0.5766 V
lnKø=nFEø/RT=22.9985;故Kø=9.73×109
AgCl的溶度积 Ksp=1/Kø=1.03×10-10
6. 解: 0.059161lg22a(Cl-)=[(0.771-1.3583)-0.059161lg2(0.1)2]V