1997-2012考研历年英语试题(8)

1997-2012考研历年英语试题,部分答案有意删去,以便平时练习

1997-2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案

8

[C] the mobility of the continents [D] the formation of new oceans

70. The passage is mainly about ________. [A] the features of volcanic activities

[B] the importance of the theory about drifting plates [C] the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies [D] the process of the formation of volcanoes Section IV: English-Chinese Translation Directions:

Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light years from earth. 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected; the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration‘s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite -- Cobe -- had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang (the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy). 72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.

Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn‘t have long to wait. 73) Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon. 74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillion fold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 75) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. 71. ________ 72. ________ 73. ________ 74. ________ 75. ________ Section V: Writing Directions:

[A] Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less 150 words.

[B] Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) [C] Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments

注：图片上的文字是： 本母鸡承诺：

①本鸡下蛋不见棱不见角 ②保证有蛋皮，蛋黄和蛋清

1998年参考答案

Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points) Part A (5 points) 1. [B] 2. [D] 3. [B] 4. [C] 5. [A] 6. [D] 7. [C] 8. [D] 9. [A] 10. [A] Part B (5 points)

11. [B] 12. [D] 13. [C] 14. [B] 15. [C] 16. [B] 17. [A] 18. [C] 19. [A] 20. [C] Part C (10 points)

21. [C] 22. [B] 23. [D] 24. [D] 25. [D] 26. [A] 27. [C] 28. [B] 29. [C] 30. [B] 31. [A] 32. [A] 33. [D] 34. [A] 35. [B] 36. [C] 37. [A] 38. [C] 39. [B] 40. [D] Section II: Cloze Test (10 points)

41. [A] 42. [B] 43. [D] 44. [A] 45. [D] 46. [D] 47. [A] 48. [B] 49. [C] 50. [D] Section III: Reading Comprehension (40 points)

51. [C] 52. [D] 53. [D] 54. [C] 55. [A] 56. [B] 57. [B] 58. [A] 59. [C] 60. [D] 61. [A] 62. [A] 63. [B] 64. [C] 65. [D] 66. [C] 67. [B] 68. [B] 69. [D] 70. [C] Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)

71. 更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

72. 巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是使二十年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所不可缺少的。

73. 天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。

74. 假如那些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。

75. 宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。

Section V: Writing (15 points) 76. 参考范文

Recently, more and more people have seen varieties of promises either from TV, newspaper or from other media. As is shown in the cartoon, even a hen has learned how to promise. We all know that hen‘s duty is to lay eggs which should undoubtedly consist of most elementary part. But the hen promises what she should do!

(图画点题, 夹叙夹议)

With the development of the society and the improvement of people‘s living standard, more and more attention should be paid to the improvement of quality of service. Therefore, many enterprises and departments promise to better their services so as to meet the people‘s need better. They are also pleased to invite people to supervise what they have done and will do. But much to our surprise, some of them just say something that they should do. These promises are only laughed at by people. (解释配诗, 又有议论)

In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, because people are willing to be served really. All we should lay more emphasis on what we do and how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make people satisfied with what we do. (发表自己的观点)

评语：内容切题, 包括图画的全部信息；清楚表达其内涵, 文字连贯；句式有变化, 句子结构和用词正确, 文章长度符合要求。本作文得13分

1999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I: Structure and Vocabulary Part A Directions:

Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points) l. Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery ________ just around the corner was untrue. [A] would be [B] to be [C] was [D] being 2. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ________ people each 3. It‘s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes ________ place in our ever-changing world. [A] taking [B] to take [C] take [D] taken 4. This is an exciting area of study, and one ________ which new applications are being discovered almost daily. [A] from [B] by [C] in

[D] through 5. ________ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition. [A] As [B] What [C] That [D] It 6. Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend ________ such short notice. [A] to [B] in [C] with [D] on 7. California has more light than it knows ________ to do with but everything else is expensive. [A] how [B] what [C] which [D] where 8. The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don‘t have small children and get along ________ to spend most of their time together. [A] so well [B] too well [C] well as

[D] well enough 9. Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ________ compliments to his political leaders. [A] paying [B] having paid [C] to pay