土木工程结构试验
第3章 量测仪器与采集系统
Chapter 3 Instrumentation and Date Acquisition System
第3章 量测仪器与采集系统
Chapter 3 Instrumentation and Date Acquisition
System
目录 Contents
3.1 概述(introduction) ................................................................................................ 23
3.1.1 量测仪器的组成(components of instrumentation) ........................................... 23
3.1.2 量测仪器的工作原理(theory of instrumentation) ............................................ 23
3.1.3 量测仪器的主要性能指标(instrumentation indices)........................................ 23
1.量程(range)............................................................................................. 23
2.刻度值(scale interval) .............................................................................. 23
3.分辨率(resolution) ................................................................................... 23
4.灵敏度(sensitivity) .................................................................................. 23
5.精确度/精度(accuracy) ............................................................................ 23
6.滞后(lag) ................................................................................................ 24
7.线性范围(linear range)............................................................................. 24
8.频响特性(frequency response characteristics) ............................................. 24
9.相移特性(phase shift characteristics) ......................................................... 24
3.1.4 量测仪器的选用原则(selection of instruments) .............................................. 24
3.1.5 仪器的率定(equipment calibration)............................................................... 25
3.2 应变量测(strain measurement) ............................................................................... 25
3.2.1 机测引伸仪(mechanical strain gauge)............................................................ 25
1.手持式应变仪(hand-held strain gauge) ...................................................... 25
2.千分表测应变装置(micro dial gauge) ........................................................ 26
3.2.2 电阻应变计(resistance strain gauge).............................................................. 26
3.2.3 电阻应变仪(electrical resistance strain instrument) ......................................... 28
1.电阻应变仪的组成(components of electrical resistance strain gauge) ............ 28
2.电阻应变仪的原理(principle of electrical resistance strain gauges) ............... 28
3.测量电路(measurement circuit) ................................................................. 29
4.多点测量线路(multipoint measurement circuit) .......................................... 29
5.温度补偿(temperature compensation) ........................................................ 29
3.3 位移量测(displacement measurement) .................................................................... 31
3.3.1 线位移传感器(linear displacement sensor)..................................................... 31
1.机械式百分表和千分表(mechanical dial gauges)........................................ 31
2.张拉式位移传感器(stretching displacement sensor) .................................... 31