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土木工程结构试验3章1(2)

发布时间:2021-06-08   来源:未知    
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土木工程结构试验

土木工程结构试验与检测 Testing and Inspection for Civil Engineering Structure

3.电阻应变式位移传感器(electrical resistance displacement sensor)................ 32

4.滑动电阻式位移传感器(sliding electrical resistance displacement sensor) ..... 32

5.线性差动电感式位移传感器(linear variable differential transformer, LVDT) . 32

3.3.2 角位移传感器(angular displacement sensor) .................................................. 32

1.水准式倾角仪(inclinometer)..................................................................... 32

2.电子倾角仪(electric inclinometer) ............................................................. 33

3.3.3 光纤位移传感器(fiber optic displacement sensor)........................................... 33

1.光纤的结构和传输原理(structure and principle of optical fiber) ................... 33

2.光纤的性能的几个重要参数(optical fiber indices)...................................... 34

3.光纤传感器类型(types of fiber optic sensor) .............................................. 35

4.反射式光纤位移传感器(reflection fiber-optic displacement sensor) .............. 35

3.4 力值量测(force measurement) ................................................................................ 36

3.4.1 机械式力传感器(mechanical force sensor)..................................................... 37

3.4.2 电阻应变式力传感器(electrical resistance strain sensor) ................................. 37

3.4.3 振动弦式力传感器(vibrating wire sensor) ..................................................... 38

3.5 裂缝量测(crack detection) ..................................................................................... 38

3.5.1 量测裂缝的方法(crack detection methods) ......................................................... 38

1.肉眼观察(visual inspection)...................................................................... 38

2.贴应变片(surface bond strain gauge) ......................................................... 39

3.涂导电漆膜(conductive coating) ............................................................... 39

4.超声波检测(ultrasonic inspection) ............................................................. 39

3.5.2 裂缝宽度量测仪器(instrumentation for measuring crack width) ....................... 39

1.读数显微镜(microscope).......................................................................... 39

2.裂缝读数卡(crack reading chart) ............................................................... 39

3.6 温度量测(temperature measurements )......................................................................... 40

3.6.1 热电偶温度计(thermocouple) ........................................................................... 40

3.6.2 热敏电阻温度计(thermistor)............................................................................. 40

3.6.3 光纤温度传感器(fiber optic temperature sensor) ................................................. 41

3.7 振动参数的量测(dynamic characteristics measurements) .......................................... 41

3.7.1 拾振器的基本原理(theory of vibration sensor) ............................................... 41

3.7.2 测振仪器(vibration measurement)................................................................. 46

1.磁电式速度传感器(magneto electrical speed sensor) ................................... 46

2.压电式加速度传感器(piezoelectric acceleration sensor) .............................. 46

3.放大器和记录仪器(amplifier and recording apparatus) ................................ 47

3.8 数据采集系统(data acquisition system) ................................................................... 48

3.8.1 数据采集系统的组成(components of data acquisition system) ......................... 48

3.8.2 数据采集系统的分类(classification of data acquisition system)........................ 49

1.大型专用系统(large-scale data acquisition system)...................................... 49

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