动名词用法

动名词

动名词

主语 定语 宾语 表语

动名词的构成主动语态 被动语态

一般式

doing having done

being done having been done

完成式

动名词形式的一般式

1 动词 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指 形式的一般式可用来泛指 一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。 一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。 Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

动名词的完成式

动名词的完成式表示一个已完成的动作， 动名词的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作 发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 We remembered having seen the film.

在现代英语中，作宾语的动名词的完成式可用一 在现代英语中，作宾语的动名词的完成式可用一 式来代替。 般 式来代替。=We remembered seeing the film.

动名词的被动形式 动名词的被动形式表示： 动名词的被动形式表示： 的被动形式表示 它的逻辑主语是动名词表示的动作的承受者。 它的逻辑主语是动名词表示的动作的承受者。 逻辑主语 表示的动作的承受者 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。 I can’t stand being kept waiting. 我不堪久等。

动名词形式的否定形式 形式的否定形式

的否定形式由not加动词 加动词-ing形式 动名词的否定形式由 加动词 形式 构成。 构成。 His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. 他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。

A 动名词作主语 作主语

1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语， 而把真正的主语放在句末。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。

C 动名词作表语

1 表示主语的内容 Her job is flying a plane. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。

必 背 动词-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。 形式作主语的几个常用句型。 动词 形式作主语的几个常用句型 It‘s no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没 有用的。 It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。 It‘s worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得 的。 There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种 事开不得玩笑。

(四)作定语动名词作定语说明被修饰名词的用途。 in the smoking room. a walking stick operating table waiting room, building material shopping centre meeting hall dining room

B. 动名词作宾语

I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next

Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 He came in without knocking at the door. I don’t think it any use eating so much vegetable.

背 只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有： 形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有： 只接动词 形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 put off 推迟 delay 耽搁 keep 保持 dislike 嫌恶 consider 考虑 resist抵制 escape 避免 mind介意 finish 完成 forgive 原谅 miss 逃过

必

mention 提及 enjoy 喜欢 excuse 原谅 fancy想不到 risk 冒险 give up 放弃 practice 练习 feel like 意欲

include 包括 suggest 建议

imagine 设想 cannot help 情不自禁

(2)作介词宾语 )Is there any hope of catching the early flight? Is there any possibility of coming back alive? He left without saying good-bye to me.在某些介词词组后面：be devoted to, be used to, lead to, give rise to, pay attention to, look forward to, etc.

e.g : The young teacher was devoted to teaching the blind.

Note: 下列词组可以省略介词No one can prevent/stop us (from) doing the job. He had no trouble (in)finding the school There is no difficulty (in) doing sth.. I spent the whole afternoon (in) copying my team paper. to have a good / bad time (in) doing sth.

Insist on doing Succeed in doing Have trouble in doing

必

背 常见的带介词to的短语： 习惯 be related to 与……有关

be used to

get down to 着手做

be given to 沉溺于

put one‘s mind to 全神贯注于 give rise to 引起 be equal to 胜任 lead to 导致 devote oneself to 献身于 be opposed to object to 反对 pay attention to 注意 反对

look forward to 盼望 stick to 坚持

动词+动名词主动表被动 动词 动名词主动表被动

want, need, require+doing= to be done. watering These flowers want =to be watered.

.Farming methods require(改进)

improving

.The machine needs查)

checking

.(检

regret to do★对即将要做的事表示遗憾 I regret to say I must leave tomorrow. 很遗憾，我 明天必须离开了。 regret doing★对所做的事感到后悔 I regret not having told her earlier.没能更早地告诉 她，我很后悔。 remember to do ★讲的是将来的事，表示“不要忘 记” Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开 时记得要锁门。 remember doing ★讲的是过去的事，表示“记起来” I remember posting that letter. 我记得寄了那封信。

3) stop to do sth. stop doing sth. 4) regret to do sth. 遗憾地说/告诉… regret doing sth. 后悔做了… I regret _____( go ) to his home town. I regret _____( tell ) you the truth.

2)remember to do sth.记着去做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记着做了某事(已做) Do you remember ______(meet) me at a party last year? You must remember ______ ( leave) tomorrow.