英国文学史复习资料(11)

be in the ―dark stage‖.

【White / light】life, goodness, enlightenment, civilized, religion.

Yet, in Concrad, the usual pattern is reverse and darkness means

truth(The truth within, therefore dark and obscure.), whiteness

means falsehood. This contrast tells a political truth about

colonialism in the Congo. The contrast also suggests a

psychological truth about Marlow and the Europeans mind.

White also suggests any number of unpleasant moral truths. The

trade in ivory is white and dirty.Kurtz the white man is totally

corrupt

ment

The book implies that civilizations are created by the laws and codes that

encourage men to achieve higher standards. The law acts as a buffer to prevent men

from reverting back to their darker tendencies.

Civilization, however, must be learned. London itself, in the book a symbol of

enlightenment, was once "one of the darker places of the earth" before the

Romans forced civilization upon the Britons.But civilized society does not get rid

of primeval savage tendencies which lurk in the background. has totally thrown off the restraint of civilization and has de-evolved into a

primitive state.

3. Character

4. 【Kurtz】 represents what every man will become if left to his own intrinsic

desires without a protective, civilized environment.

【Marlow】 represents the civilized soul that has not been drawn back into

savagery by a dark, alienating jungle.

5.Narrative Structure

In Heart of Darkness, we have an outside narrator telling us a story he has

heard from Marlow. The story Marlow tells centers around Kurtz.However, most of

what Marlow knows about Kurtz, he has learned from others.They have good

reason for not being truthful to Marlow. Therefore Marlow has to piece together

much of Kurtz‘s story.

2. William Somerset Maugham

3. Edward Morgan Foster (E.M.Foster)

Modernists

3 Novelists

① James Joyce

② David Herbert Lawrence

③ Virgirnia Woolf

【Mrs. Morel】, daughter of a middle-class family, is "a woman of character and

refinement", a strong-willed, intelligent and ambitious woman who is fascinated by

a warm, vigorous and sensuous coal miner, Walter Morel, and married beneath her

own class.Then, she was desponded at her husband and put her love to her sons.

She hopes that they will become outstanding

【Paul Morel】depends heavily on his mother‘s love and help to make sense of the

world around him. He struggle to free from his mother‘s influence, but he failed.

After his mother has died and he is left alone, in despair.

Theme:Lawrence was one of the first novelists to introduce themes of psychology into his works. He believed that the healthy way of the individual‘s psychological development lay in the primacy of the life implulse, or in another term, the sexual impulse.huaman sexuality was, to Lawrence, a symbol of life force.by presenting the psychological experience of indivudual human life and of human relationships, Lawrence has opened up a wide new territory to the novel

Oedipus Complex is a thematic feature of D. H. Lawrence‘s Sons and

Lovers

②<The Rainbow>虹

③<Women In Love>恋爱中的女人

④ <Lady Chatterley‘s Lover>查特莱夫人的情人

2. James Joyce詹姆斯 乔伊斯1882~1941

（爱尔兰小说家，意识流小说的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness

<Ulysses>尤利西斯(S_O_C)

3. Virginia Woolf弗吉尼娅 沃尔芙1882~1941

（意识流小说的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness

① Novels

2 Poets

① W. B. Yeats (William Butler Yeats )

② T.S. Eliot ( Thomas Sterns Eliot )

1.William Butler Yeats威廉 勃特勒 叶茨1865~1939

（爱尔兰诗人，剧作家； The Irish nationalist movement 爱尔兰独立运动； The Irish Literary Revival 爱尔兰文艺复兴； The Irish Literary Theater, or the Abbey Theater 爱尔兰民族剧团）

collections

① <The Wind Among The Reeds> 苇风