英语国家概况 谢福之 复习资料(3)

3.

4.The House of commons（下议院） 三大职能①The most important is drafting new laws. 立法

②to scrutinize, criticize and restrain the actions of the government 约束政府③to influence the

future government policy影像未来政策

6. The parliament: a two-party system 两党制

7. Three main parties: The Conservative Party保守党, The Labor Party工党, The Liberal

Democrats自由民主党. 获得下议院半数以上投票的党派成为执政党 8. The Queen of Britain is considered the head of the Commonwealth. The headquarters are all

located in London.英国女王被认为是英联邦的元首（然并卵，只是个代言人而已）。总部都设在伦敦。

Chapter 4 Economy

1. By the 19th century, the British economy had produced 1/3 of the world s manufactured goods.

十九世纪，英国独揽世界三分之一成品

2. In order to separate politics and economic policy, Tony Blair made the Bank of England

3. Important crops are wheat, barley, sugar beet and potatoes. The major fishing areas are the North Sea, the English Channel, the waters off the Irish coast and the sea area between Britain and

Iceland.重要的农作物有小麦、大麦、甜菜和土豆。主要的捕鱼区是北海，英吉利海峡，爱尔兰海岸和英

国和冰岛之间的海域。

4. Major source of energy: coal mining, oil industry (relatively new), nuclear power能源的主要来

源：煤炭开采，石油工业（相对较新），核电

5. Three principal financial centers三大金融中心: London, Tokyo, New York

6. Tourism: Stonehenge, Windsor Castle. Britain is one of the world s largest centers for

international conference.最大国际会议中心

7. Export出口 partners: Germany, the United Stated, the Netherland, France

Import进口 partner: Germany, the United Stated, the Netherland, China

Chapter 5 Education, Media and Holidays

1. Before 1870, education was voluntary and schools were set by the church. 1870年之前教育是

自愿的，教堂开设学校