汽车外文翻译---驾驶者的转向感(2)

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perceived by drivers may therefore assist the development of steering-system designs.

The perception of stiffness and the perception of viscosity seem to come from force, position, and velocity cues. Psychophysiological studies indicate that muscle spindle receptors, cutaneous mechano-receptors, and joint receptors provide the neural.inputs used in the perception of the movement and force applied by a limb

Psychophysics provides techniques to describe how subjects perceive stimuli. Classic measures include the difference threshold (the minimum change needed to detect a change in a stimulus) and the psychophystcal function (the relationship between changes in stimulus magnitude and the perception of those changes). However, the first step in quanti-fying steering feel using psychophysical methods is to identify what aspects of the haptic feedback at the steering wheel are used by drivers.

Steering torque and steering angle describe the steady state characteristics of steering systems and their relationships have been identified as influencing steering feel. It seems appropriate to check whether subjects are judging what the experimenter 15 measuring. It has not been shown whether the properties of steering system should be described in rotational frames of reference or translation frames of reference

This paper describes three experiments designed to study how drivers perceive the steady state properties of steering wheels. The first experiment investigated whether rotational or translation frames of reference are more intuitive to subjects. It was hypothesized that, if asked to 'match' different steering-wheel sizes, either the rotational or the translation frame of reference would be matched more consistently. The second experiment deter- mined difference thresholds for the perception of steering-wheel force and angle, with the hypothesis that Weber's law would apply for both stimuli. The third experiment investigated the psychophysical scales for the perception of the physical properties at steering wheels determining relationships between steering-wheel force and the perception of steering-wheel force, and between steering-wheel angle and the perception of steering-wheel angle. It was hypothesized that Stevens' power law provides an adequate model for describing the psychophysical scales 2 APPARATUS

A rig was built to simulate the driving position of a 2002 model year Jaguar S-type saloon car as shown. The framework provided a heel point for subjects and supported a car seat and steering column assembly. The cross-section of a Jaguar S-type steering wheel was used to create the grips of the experimental steering wheel, which was formed by a rapid prototype polymer finished with production quality leather glued and stitched on to the subject posture was constrained the seat steering wheel, and heel point. The joint angle at the elbow~monitored and adjusted to 1100 for all subjects to ensure that they did not sit too close or too far from the steering wheel.

The steering-column assembly included an optical incremental encoder to measure