2009年两会温家宝总理记者招待会(10)

口译资料 政府工作报告

是一个客观、公正的评价。中国是发展中国家，还有1.5亿贫困人口。同时，中国能源结构以煤为主，控制温室气体排放面临巨大压力和特殊困难。对于中国这样的发展中国家，要发展，能源需求和相应排放就必然有合理增长。应对气候变化不能以牺牲发展、延续贫困和落后为代价。

Some developed countries argue that China's carbon reduction intensity is not ambitious enough, and even demand an increase of China's target. Such argument is neither objective nor fair. China is a developing country, there are still 150 million people living in poverty. Meanwhile, China's energy structure is dominated by coal, and China faces huge pressure and special difficulty to control GHG emissions. For such a developing country like China, development will necessarily imply reasonable increase of energy demand and corresponding emissions. Tackling climate change should not sacrifice development, or continue poverty and backwardness.

有些发达国家大谈中国排放总量大，但却忘记了中国有13亿人口。2006年，中国13亿人排放了56亿吨二氧化碳，占全球排放总量的20%，而发达国家不到10亿人，却排放了约129亿吨，占全球排放总量的46%。基于发展和满足人民生活的基本需要，我们有必要维持一个合理的排放空间。总不可能要求中国在经济发展、能源消耗和相应排放方面只能享有发达国家百分之二十或三十的权利吧？

Some developed countries are talking about China's total emission, but they seem to forget that China has a 1.3 billion population. In 2006, 1.3 billion Chinese people emit 5.6 billion tons of CO2, accounting for 20% of the world's total. Developed countries, with less than 1 billion people, emit about 12.9 billion tons, accounting for 46% of the world's total. Because of development needs and needs to improve people's lives, we must maintain a reasonable space of emission, and is it possible to ask the Chinese people to enjoy 20% or 30% of the rights of developed countries in terms of economic development, energy consumption or corresponding emission?

中国已宣布的行动目标力度与任何发达国家相比都不逊色。所有发达国家在1990年至2005年的15年中，单位GDP的二氧化碳排放强度只下降了26%，中国则下降了46%。中国的40-45%目标已是极限了。必须强调的是，中国的自主减排目标是不附加任何条件的，也不与任何国家的行动相挂钩，我们说到做到。 The targets of China are no less ambitious than any developed countries. From 1990 to 2005, CO2 emission intensity per unit of GDP of all developed countries only dropped by 26%, China dropped by 46%. China's 40-45% target at 2020 is already reaching the limit. We must emphasize that China's voluntary reduction targets do not attach any conditions, it is not linked to any other countries' action. We will deliver what we promise.

谈到气候变化的历史责任，我想引用一组数据：在1850年至2005年的155年间，全球共排放11222亿吨二氧化碳，发达国家共排放了8065亿吨，占全球总量的72%，欧盟占27.5%(人均累积排放：德国958吨，英国1125吨，世界人均173吨，中国只有71吨)。2006年，发达国家以占全球1/6的人口，仍然占据着近50%的排放。不顾历史责任和事实，空泛地谈国际合作，甚至只谈所谓共同责任是不能令世人信服的。 Turning to the historical responsibility for climate change, I would like to quote one set of data: during the 155 years from 1850 to 2005, the world has discharged 1.1222 trillion tons of CO2, and developed countries have discharged 806.5 billion tons, 72% of the total, and the EU accounts for 27.5% (per capita cumulative emissions: 958 tons for Germany, 1125 tons for the United Kingdom, 173 tons for world average, China only 71 tons). In 2006, with 1 / 6 of the world's population, the developed countries account for almost 50% of the emissions. An empty talk about international cooperation, in disregard of historical responsibility and facts, or only talking about the so-called shared responsibility, will not convince the world.

《京都议定书》规定发达国家应在1990年基础上，集体减排5.2%，但绝大多数发达国家不降反增。另一方面，发达国家还承诺向发展中国家提供资金和技术，但近20年来未见诸行动。

The Kyoto Protocol stipulates that developed countries must reduce emissions collectively by 5.2% on 1990 basis. In fact, most developed countries have increased, not reduced emissions. On the other hand, the developed countries have promised funds and technology transfer to developing countries, but for the last 20 years no or little action has been taken.

无论从历史责任、现实情况讲，还是从公约义务和能力看，发达国家都应毫无条件地在2012年后继续率先大幅减排，并有义务为发展中国家应对气候变化提供资金，转让技术。

Whether from the point of view of historical responsibility, or reality, whether in terms of treaty obligations or capability, the developed countries should unconditionally continue to take the lead to cut emission by a big margin after 2012, and fulfill their obligations in providing funds and transfering technology to developing countries.

二、你如何评价哥本哈根气候变化会议当前的谈判进程？

2. How do you describe the current state of discussions in Copenhagen?

答：目前谈判进展较为缓慢，原因主要在发达国家立场倒退。另一方面，极力向发展中国家提出种种不合理的要求，严重影响谈判进程，妨碍哥本哈根会议取得积极成果。

A: Progress has been slow in the negotiations at the conference. It's mainly because the developed countries have moved backwards from their previous position, and on the other, they make many unreasonable demands over developing countries, which seriously affect the negotiation process and impede the Copenhagen Conference to achieve positive results.

西方国家经常大谈―公平‖和―责任‖。在探讨气候变化时，同样也不应忽视―公平‖和―责任‖。首先，发达国家长期的工业化进程为本国积聚财富，对当前人类生存环境造成破坏，但却拒不承担补救责任，这对其他发展中国家是不公平的。其次，根据2006年全球排放量的统计，发达国家人均排放量几乎为发展中国家人均排放量的4倍，在如此不平等的基础上，要求发达国家和发展中国家承担相同的责任也是不公平的。再次，《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》已经生效多年，按照公约和议定书的要求减排不仅是发达国家的责任，而且是他们的法律义务。而发达国家不愿也没有履行上述法律义务，就没有资格要求其他国