源利用技术和储能技术的有机结合,强调可再生能难发现能源互联网在以下方面较智能电网有更高源的利用和能源单元的自由接入。智能电网可以认的要求,对信息技术提出了更多的挑战:(1)能为是以电力为能源形式的能源互联网的发展雏形,源生产来源:能源互联网强调分布式可再生能源的在目标规划、实现模式和优化策略等方面为能源互应用和能源的个性化利用;智能电网仅强调电力资联网建设提供了良好的借鉴。具体地,它们之间具源的高效利用,侧重基于能源消费的电力优化供有5个明显的共同特点:(1)自愈性:指无需或应;(2)主体接入方式:能源互联网强调生产、仅需少量人为干预,存在危险或潜在危险隔离的器储能、消费装置的“即插即用”;智能电网重点在于件,针对出现的故障,能快速自愈使其恢复正常运对传统电网的继承与改造,多采用用户被动接入、行。(2)安全性:物理系统和信息系统遭到外部集中控制的方式。(3)优化和控制方式:能源互攻击时,能有效抵御由此造成的伤害以及对其他邻联网支持多种控制方式,运行拓扑不再局限于特定域形成的影响。(3)高效性:采用IT、监控技术结构,决策单元摆脱中心控制节点限制,自主能源等来优化设备和资源的使用效益,合理规划,整体调配;智能电网强调骨干电网的构建和优化,较少上实现网络运行和扩容的优化。(4)经济性:与关注用户自主贡献。(4)优化配置范围:能源互消费市场实现无缝衔接,利用市场设计提高电力系联网可以实现多种能源的优化调配和针对性管理,统的规划、运行和可靠性管理水平。(5)集成性:综合调配可获得联合收益;智能电网仅支持电力能监视、控制、维护、能量管理(EMS)、配送管理、源,对能源互联网建设有借鉴作用。(5)催生的市场运营等模块和其他信息系统之间的有机融合,业务类型:能源互联网支持分布式能源供应,广布完善业务运行。 的自能源或微电站成为能源网络主体,势必催生新
相对地,智能电网、能源互联网在基础设施建的能源供给商业模式;智能电网目前还偏重于分布设、技术方案设计、服务对象规划等方面也具有各式能源生产主体的被动接入,运营模式相对单一。
自特点,通过与传统电网加以比较(见表3),不
Table 3 Comparison of traditional power grid, smart grid and energy internet
表2-2 传统电网-智能电网-能源互联网比较
Traditional power grid Smart grid
Energy internet
Energy type
Electricity
Electricity
All energy including power, heat, light and so on
Objective
Plan
and
build
power Using
technology
of
sensor, Building an intelligent energy networking
infrastructure of production, communication, analysis decision and that integrates
energy
production,
scheduling, distribution and automatic
control
to
enhance storage, metering, communication, analysis
transmission to meet end-user efficiency of traditional power grid decision and automatic control. It aims to consumption
such that the grid is observable, realize an energy ecotope such that energy controllable, adaptive
and supply meets demand access and customized
self-healing.
consumption.
Characteristic Rigid system and centric Robust and reliable power grid “plug and play” for energy whole system;
hierarchical control mechanism architecture
and
efficient “prosumers” become the main type of user;
to meet the users’ demand. information exchange platform to flexible networking structure may be There
exists
several support
energy
consumption; adaptive with the time, events and other
information islands and the optimized control. Building a factors. Users can customize their energy information share degree is flexible architecture including strategy. The features of robust, low.
function
modules
and
system compatible, integration and optimization
configuration. With the features of will be more evident. efficiency, robust, self-healing, compatible, economy
and
optimization.