叶面肥对苹果果树生长与果实品质的影响研究(9)

叶面肥不仅能够提高作物养分的供应效率,而且可以增加作物生育期内大量元素和各种微量元素的来源。喷施叶面肥是农业生产上常用的措施,通过在叶面喷施叶面肥来补充作物养分、调控作物生长,从而达到增加作物产量、改善作物品质之目的。

ABSTRACT

Foliar fertilizer not only can improve the nutrient supply efficiency of crop, but also

can increase the source of major elements and various elements during crop growth

period. Fertilizer spraying is a commons measure in agricultural production. Fertilizer

spraying can replenish nutrients of crop, regulate plant growth and increase crop yield,

improve crop quality. This experiment use red Fuji apple in flourishing period for the test

materials and spray different combinations of fertilizer during fruit trees growing period.

The results are as follows. ⑴Spraying combination fertilizer of urea can significantly

promote the growth of fruit trees and increase amount of fruit tree growth. Meanwhile,

this combination of fertilizer is beneficial for fruit trees leaves to assimilate N, Mg and

has maximum inhibitive ability in absorption of P, Fe; spraying monopotassium

phosphate＋B enzyme is most beneficial for leaves to assimilate K, Cu, Zn,

Mn, Fe, Mg, B. However, spraying different ingredient fertilizer has little effect on

exchangeable Mg in soil. Thus, when the N nutrient supply of basal fertilizer used in

orchard is sufficient, spraying monopotassium phosphate＋B enzyme can supply

nutrients by maximum speed, and is able to increase the growth vigor of fruit trees, but if

spraying a single nutrient composition often has little effect, and relatively is poor.

Therefore,the monopotassium phosphate＋B enzyme is the best fertilizer formula in this

experiment. ⑵The analysis of different indicators for fruit quality after spraying different

foliar fertilize showed that spraying urea and water can significantly increase fruit shape

index, chlorophyll content and titratable acid content, and is the most beneficial to

increase the fruit, but if inappropriately spraying other fertilizer will affect improvement

of fruit quality. And the treatment of monopotassium phosphate＋B enzyme can

significantly increase fruit weight, anthocyanin, fruit firmness and fruit mineral nutrients,

significantly improve the quality of the fruit, so in the early and mid-term of fruit trees

growing, should spraying urea and water on fruit trees to speed up the growth of fruit

trees and increase fruit trees growth vigor and significantly increase production, and in

the later stage of growth, especially in the period of improvement of the fruit quality, we

should focus on spraying monopotassium phosphate＋B enzyme, and thus significantly