新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)(10)

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【课文讲解】

1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.

★knock ① vi. 敲门I knocked, but no one answered.. knock at 敲（门、窗等） knock at the door；knock at the window

② vt.&vi. 碰撞You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。

Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。

She has knocked a cup over again.她又碰倒了一杯子。③ vt. 把（某人）打成……状态

He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。

④ 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语 vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣

They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat. The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）

vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）

When do you usually knock off? 你一般何时下班？ He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。

2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.

ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 问某人要什么东西 （for为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.）

The boy asked (his parents)for money again.

3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.

in return for this 作为对……的回报，作为交换 I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. in return 作为回报

In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.

He doesn't want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报

stood on his head 倒立

stand on one's hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)stand on one's knees 跪着, 膝盖 lie on one's back 仰面躺着

lie on one's side 侧躺/lie on one's stomach 趴着 4、Later a neighbour told me about him. 介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示―关于……（的）‖、―涉及……（的）‖ Please tell me about the accident.

tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论）

tell you about the word 解释这个单词的意思 tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉) 5、Everybody knows him.

everybody作主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词 所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等

6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. calls at 光顾，拜访

in the street（英国）/on the street（美国） once a month 一个月一次, 单位表达方式

once adj. 表示每……一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位 ―/‖ （每……） five kilometers an hour

He goes back to the South once a year. 【Key structures】 A, The and Some

当表示不确定的某个人或物时，用不定冠词a/an（单数, 可数名词）；当表示不可数的名词时，则需要由不定冠词加量词组成词组。

在表示一种笼统概念（某某一类/一种东西）的陈述句中可以省略a和some

A tiger is a dangerous animal. /Tigers are dangerous. Salt is necessary for/to us all.

表示某个确定的人或事物或者上文已提到过的人或事物，则要用定冠词the（有时相当于this/that/these/those）,可数名词单/复数或不可数名词均可。

在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠词。

a和the的区别：a是泛指, a man；特指, the man 在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用the

A man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat.

She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocer's. 一般姓名前一般不能加冠词，表示―某某一类人当中, 具有这种特征当中的一个‖，加不定冠词a a Mr. Zhang 张先生这类人 【Special Difficulties】 短语动词

某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词 put v. 放put on 穿上，戴上