生物与制药工程专业英语第二三五单元翻译(2)

(冰)使它更宽敞。结果作为年代,ice已经比少与等体积分子液态水。这使其晶体结构体积密度要小于同等的液态水。这使其水晶全部的密度要小于液态水。正是因为这一原因,冰漂浮的,也可以作为隔热层表面的湖泊和溪流滋生的活的有机体。

Second,the polarity of water makes it an excellent disolving medium or solvent.many

polar substances dissociate (separate) into individual molecules in water-that is, dissolve-because the negative part of the water molecule is attracted to the positive part of the molecules in the solute (dissolying substance) , and the positive part of the water molecules is attracted to the negative part of solute molecules. Substances (such as salts) that are composed of atoms (or groups of atoms) held together by ionic bonds tend to dissociate into separate cations and anions in water. Thus, the polarity of water allows molecules of many different substances to separate and become surrounded by water molecules.

第二,极性的水使它成为一个优秀的disolving中型或solvent.many

极性物质(独立)游离water-that中的个别分子,dissolve-because消极部分的水分子被吸引到积极的分子的一部分溶质(dissolying物质),积极的部分水分子被你吸引溶质分子的消极作用。物质(如盐)组成的原子(或群体中的原子)通过离子债券维系在一起的倾向于分开成单独的阳离子和阴离子在水里。因此,水分子的极性允许许多不同的物质分离,成为水分子包围。 Third, polarity accounts for water's characteristic role as a reactant or product in many chemical reactions. Its polaritv facilitates the splitting and rejoining of hydrogen (H+ ) and hydroxide (OH ) ions. Water is a key reactant in the digestive processes of organisms, whereby larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones. Water molecules are also involved in synthetic reactions--water is an important source of the hydrogen and oxygen that are incorporated into numerous organic compounds in living cells.

第三,极性占水的特性作为反应物或产品在许多化学反应。它有利于分裂和重新polaritv氢(H +)和氢离子(哦)。水是一个关键的反应物在消化过程的有机体,因此更大的分子分解成较小的分子。水分子也参与——水是合成反应的重要来源,氢气和氧气纳入许多有机化合物在活体细胞。

Finally, the relatively strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules makes water an excellent temperature buffer, A given quantity of water requires a great gain of heat to increase its temperature and a great loss of heat to decrease its temperature, as compared with many other substances. Normally, heat absorption by molecules increases their kinetic energy and thus increases their rate of motion and their reactivity. In water, however, heat absorption first breaks hydrogen bonds rather than increasing the rate of motion. Therefore. much more heat must be applied to raise the temperature of water than to raise the temperature of a nonhydrogen-bonded liquid. The reverse is true as water cools. Thus, water more easily maintains a constant temperat

最后,较强的水分子间的氢键使水成为优秀的温度缓冲区,给定数量的水需要一个重大收获的热增加它的温度和一个伟大的热量损失降低温度,相比而言,许多其他的物质。正常情况下,由分子吸收热量增加,从而增加动能的运动速度和反应。在水里,然而,第一个打破氢键吸收热量的速度,而不是增加运动。因此。更多的热量必须应用水的温度升高的温度升高一个nonhydrogen-bonded液体。事实正相反作为冷却水。因此,水更容易建立保持不变 when inorganic salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) are dissolved in water, they undergo dissociation, or ionization. That is, they break apart into ions. Substances called acids and bases show similar behavior.

当无机盐如氯化钠(盐)溶解在水中,他们经历了分离、或游离。也就是说,他们分裂成离子。物质称为酸和碱显示类似的行为。