第三版航海英语听力与会话(口述简答参中英考答(10)

(4) Any vessel should, if the circumstances of the case admit(如果情况容许), avoid anchoring in a narrow channel. （如果情况容许）,船只避免在一个狭水道内抛锚According to COLREGs Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes, a vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall: 根据避碰规则十条分道通航使用分道通航方案:

(1) proceed in appropriate traffic lane (正确的通航分道）in the general direction of traffic flow ( 船舶总流向）for that lane; (1)船舶总流向是正确的通航水道。

(2) So far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line (分隔线）or separation zone(分隔带）；在可行的范围内远离交通分隔线或者分隔带

(3) Normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane(通航分道的终点), but when joining or leaving from either side shall not do so at small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practical;(与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度）通常加入或者离开通航分道的终点,但是当加入或离开通航分道的终点时尽量与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。

(4) So far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes but if obliged to do so a vessel shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to general direction of traffic flow; (应尽可能与分道的船舶总的流向成直角的航向穿越）

(5) So far as practicable, a vessel shall avoid anchoring in a TSS or in areas near its terminations. 在可行的范围内,或船舶应避免锚定在TSS或附近的终止地区。

4. Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout. 描述如何利用各种工具和技术保持正规瞭望

Every vessl shall at all times maintain a proper lookout by sight(视觉）and hearing（听觉） as well as by radar scanning.每条船要时刻保持正规了望和听觉包括雷达扫描 (1) Radar observation: (1)雷达观测:

Rader can detect the presence of an object within its working range in various weather conditions. But radar cannot tell the shape, size or height of the object. Besides, radar has blind sectors. 雷达能探测到出现在它的工作范围的对象的各种气候条件。但雷达无法告诉的形状、大小或者高度目标。此外,雷达有盲区。 (2) Visual lookout (视觉了望）

It can discover object and find out its shape, size and height. But this can be possible within a certain distance in favorable weather conditions. 它可以发现对象和弄清它的形状、大小和高度。但这些可能在一定距离能见度以及良好的天气情况才可以。

Different tools and technologies have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, we should use all available means to keep a proper lookout in order to ensure safe navigation.

不同的工具和技术都有他们各自的优点和缺点。因此,我们应该使用一切可用的方法来保持正规了望,保证航行安全

5. Describe the preparations to be done by the deck department prior to arrival. 描述甲板部在进港之前的准备工作

(1) The responsibilities of the deck department are to get ready for: entering the port, going through customs, immigration and quarantine inspection formality(办理海关，移民和检疫检查手续), and loading and unloading cargo. 在船甲板部门是去准备:进入港口,通过海关、移民，检疫手续和装卸货物检查。

(2) Preparations done from the bridge prior to arrival: 从甲板部做准备在到达以前:

Send ETA to the pilot station at appropriate time with all relevant information; 驾驶员把预计到港时间及各类相关信息传达到引航站,

Study(细阅）port information(港口资料), sailing directions(航路指南), and other navigation information, including restrictions on draft, speed, entry time, ect. 细读港口资料,航路指南,其他导航信息,包括限制的货物、速度、进入时间等。

Check and correct the charts used for entering the port and mark the intended track, course on the charts; 检查和正确使用进港海图及进入计划航线和航向。

Check and inspect the communication equipment, steering gear and solve the problem and make records; 检查和记录,通信设备、操舵设备

Check and test the indicators, displays, meters, vessel's clock, navigational aids and walkie-talkie; 检查和调试指标,显示,仪表、船舶的时钟、导航仪器及步话机。

Hoist the national flag of the arriving country, vessel ensign(船籍旗），signal flag and shapes as per the international customary practice; 升起国旗,港口国家的国旗,船旗、信号旗和型号按照国际惯例 Turn on/off the stipulated lights in time. 打开/关闭规定的灯。 (3) Preparations done from the deck: 从甲板上做准备。

Check and inspect the mooring equipments, anchoring equipment, emergency equipment, and solve the problem and make records; 检查和检查系泊设备、锚定设备,应急设备和解决问题并记录, Ship's crew at station for entering port; 进港之前人员就位

Stand by port and starboard anchors as per the master's instruction for use in emergency; 备双锚，为了在紧急时候下，根据船长指令使用双锚

Get the pilot ladder, manrope, lifebuoy and lights ready and ensure they are in good order, safe and reliable. 把领航梯,安全索救生圈和灯光,做好准备,确保其处于正常有效、安全可靠。