2002年考研英语真题解析(打印版)(17)

张剑黄宝书的详细解析,整理好的打印版。。。

形容temper)；Where’s that fool of a receptionist？（fool 形容receptionist）。同样，这里的aggressive use 用来形容ineffectual and forced medical procedures。

40. George Annas would probably agree that 40. 乔治·安纳斯认为在以下哪一种情 doctors should be punished if they 况下，医生应该受到制裁?

[A] manage their patients incompetently. [A] 不能胜任管理病人的工作。

[C] reduce drug dosages for their patients. [B] 给病人的药物超量。

[B] give patients more medicine than needed. [C] 减少病人的药物剂量。

[D] prolong the needless suffering of the [D] 延长病人不必要的痛苦

patients.

[答案] D

[解析] 本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题。

在最后一段中安纳斯明确指出，painful deaths(病人痛苦的死亡)should result in license suspension(应该使那些对此漠不关心的医生受到惩罚，吊销执照)，因此选项D“延长病人不必要的痛苦”是医生受制裁的原因。

选项A太泛，不一定是指的是无视病人痛苦这一方面。文章第五段提到，安纳斯认为只要医生开的药物是用于合法的医疗目的，就没有违法，而不存在药量多少的问题。因此，可以排除选项B和C。

三、文章长难句分析和佳句赏析

长难句分析：

①Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

这是个一句话的段落，其中心结构是the Court supported the medical principle，Although引导的分句与后面构成转折关系。a centuries-old moral principle...good effect是对the medical principle of “double effect”进行解释说明的同位语，其主干是principle holding that an action... is permissible。

②Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”

该句的基本结构是Nancy Dubler contends that the principle will shield doctors，who引导的定语从句修饰doctors。注意insist后面有接虚拟语气和非虚拟语气两种用法。前者意为“坚持要求、坚持认为”，如：I insisted that you (should) take immediate action to put this right，后者意为“坚持说、固执声称”，如：She insisted that she was innocent.这里应该取第二种意思。

另外在新闻报道体裁的文章中引用某专家的言论，多采用这种句式结构，即人名+职位+动词（contend, maintain，hold，believe等）+that引导的宾语从句。本文在第四段和第五段就两次出现。

③It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.

该句子的主干是It identifies... as ...，identify接的宾语是由and连接的两个of短语：undertreatment of pain和aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures，其中第二个of的宾语后紧跟着一个定语从句做定语。

④“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”.

该句的主干是physicians seem unconcerned with the pain... to the extent that...，pain后面由一个省略了关系代词的定语从句修饰，needlessly and predictably意为“既没有必要又不可避免”。extend后也接了一个that引