公路工程名词术语中英文对照11(4)

桥下净空 clearance of span

桥面净空 clearance above bridge floor 桥梁建筑高度 construction height of bridge 荷载 load

永久荷载 permanent load 可变荷载 variable load 偶然荷载 accidental load 荷载组合 loading combinations 车辆荷载标准 loading standard for design vehicle 设计荷载 design load 施工荷载 construction load 梁 beam

简支梁 simple-supported beam 连续梁 continuous beam 悬臂梁 cantilever beam 板 slab 拱 arch 桁架 truss 刚构 rigid frame 柱 column 强度 strength

刚度 stiffness，rigidity 抗裂度 crack resistance 稳定性 stability 位移 displacement 变形 deformation 挠度 deflection 预拱度 camber 流域 catchment basin 集水面积 runoff area

径流 runoff

水文测验 hydrological survey 河床 river bed 河槽 river channel 主槽 main channel 边滩 side shoal 河滩 rlood land 河床宽度 bed width 河槽宽度 channel width 过水断面 discharge section 水位 water level 最高(或最低)水位

maximum(minimum)water level 通航水位 navigable water level 设计水位 design water lever 水面比降 water surface slope 河床比降 gradient of river bed 湿周 weffed perimeter 糙率 coefficient of roughuess 水力半径 hydraulic radius 水文计算 hydrological computation 设计流量 designed discharge 设计流速 designed flow velocity 行近流速 approach velocity 洪水调查 flood survey 洪水频率 flood frequency 设计洪水频率 designed flood frequency

潮汐河流 tidal river 悬移质 suspended load 推移质 bed material load 水力计算 hydraulic computation

水头 water head 隧道建筑限界 structural approach 冲刷 scour

limit of tunnels

桥下一般冲刷 general scour under 明挖法 open cut method bridge

矿山法 mine tunnelling method 桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near 盾构法 shield tunnelling method pier

沉埋法(沉管法) immersed tunnel 自然演变冲刷 natural scour 导坑 heading

冲刷系数 coefficient of scouring 隧道支撑 tunnel support 淤积 silting 构件支撑 element support 壅水 back water 喷锚支护 lock bolt support with 流冰 ice drift

shotcrete

先张法 pretensioning method 隧道通风 tunnel ventilation 后张法 post-tensioning method 隧道照明 tunnel lighting 缆索吊装法 erection with cableway 养护 maintenance

悬臂拼装法 erection by protrusion 定期养护 periodical maintenance 悬臂浇筑法 cast-in-place cantilever 巡回养护 patrol maintenance method

大中修周期 maintenance period 移动支架逐跨施工法 span by span 小修保养 routine maintenance method

中修 intermediate maintenance 纵向拖拉法 erection by longitudinal 大修 heavy maintenance pulling method

改善工程 road inprovement 顶推法 incremental launching method 抢修 emergency repair of road 转体架桥法 construction by swing 加固 strengthening of structure 浮运架桥法 erecting by floating 回砂 sand sweeping 顶入法 jack-in method 罩面 overlay of pavement 围堰 cofferdam 路面翻修 pavement recapping 护筒 pile casing 路向补强 pavement strengthening 隧道 tunnel 车辙 rutting

洞门 tunnel portal 路面搓板 surface corrugation 衬砌 tunnel lining 路面网裂 net-shaped cracking 明洞 open cut tunnel 路面龟裂 alligator cracking 围岩 surrounding rork

路面碎裂 pavement spalling

4

反射裂缝 reflection crack 路面坑槽 pot holes 路面冻胀 surface frost heave 路面沉陷 pavement depression 路面滑溜 surface slipperiness 露骨 surface angularity 啃边 edge failure 泛油 bleeding 拥包 upheaval 拱胀 blow up

错台 faulting of slab ends 错位 slab staggering 滑坡 slide 坍方 land slide 崩塌 collapse 碎落 debris avalanche 沉降 settlement 沉陷 subsidence 泥石流 mud avalanche (振动)液化 liquefaction 翻浆 frost boiling 岩溶 karst 沙害 sand hazard 雪害 snow hazard 水毁 washout

好路率 rate of good roads 养护质量综合值 general rating of maintenance quality 路容 road appearance 路况 road condition

路况调查 road condition survey 路政管理 rlad administration

民工建勤 civilian labourers working on public project

养路费 toll of road maintenance 养路道班 maintenance gang 粒料 granular material 集料(骨料) aggregate 矿料 mineral aggregate 矿粉 mineral powder 砂 sand 砾石 gravel 砂砾 sand gravel 卵石 cobble stone

碎石 broken stone，crushed stone 片石 rubble 块石 block stone 料石 dressed stone 石屑 chip

工业废渣 industrial solid waste 结合料 binder

有机结合料 organic binding agent 沥青 bitumen 地沥青 asphalt 天然沥青 natural asphalt 石油沥青 petroleum asphalt 煤沥青 coal tar

乳化沥青 emulsified bitumen 氧化沥青 oxidized asphalt 路用沥青 road bitumen

无机结合料 inorganic binding agent 粉煤灰 fly ash 混合料 mixture

沥青混合料 bituminous mixture