上海交通大学出版
13,(1)
a1 b1xa1x b1
a2 b2xa2x b2a3 b3xa3x b3
c2 1 x2 a2c3a3
c1a1b1b2
b3
c1c2 c3
证明: 第二列乘以( x)加到第一列得
1 x aD 1 x a
1 x a
222
123
a1x b1a2x b2a3x b3
a1
a1
c2 1 x2 a2c3
b1b2b3
c1c2 c3
c1
a1x b1a2x b2a3x b3
c1c2 c3
a3
c2 x c1 c2 1 x2 a2
a3
(2)
a1a2 an 1an
1x 00
0 00
0
0
00
akxn k
k 1n
1 0
x 1
x
证明: 用数学归纳法证明 当n 2时 D2
a1a2
1x
a1x a2 akx2 k 命题成立
k 1
2
假设对于 n 1 阶行列式命题成立 即 Dn 1
ax
kk 1
n 1
n 1 k
则Dn按最后一行展开 有
1x
Dn ( 1)n 1an
0 00
0 1x 00
n 1
00 00
00
000
000 0 1 xDn 1
10
x 10
x
( 1)
n 1
an( 1)
n 1
x akxn 1 k
k 1
an akxn k
k 1
n 1